Re: Hrana Saga Hrings 14C & 15A

This bit was a *lot* easier than the last few.

> En er þat sáu þeir eftir vóru á skipunum, sem bæði vóru
> allmargir ok harðsóttir, gengu þeir á land ok lögðu at
> Suðreyingum.

> And it is they saw later they were in order, as both were
> very many and difficult, they went on land and set a
> course to the Hebrides.

> But (And) when those (who?) were back on the ship saw
> that, that (they, the Hebrideans?) were both very-numerous
> and hard-to-get-at (ie not easily attacked), they went
> onto land (ie ashore) and attacked (leggja at e-m,  Z14)
> (the) Hebrideans (lit: South-Isles-folk)

And when those [who] were back on the ships, who were both
very numerous and hard to attack, saw that, they went ashore
and attacked the Hebrideans.

<Skipunum> is (dat.) plural. The other edition that I have
makes it <Enn er þat sáu þeir, er eftir voru á skipunum>,
with the expected <er>. <Allmargir> and <harðsóttir> are
nom. plur., so they must go with <þeir>.

> Tóku Íslendingar vel ok drengiliga við þeim.

> The Icelanders received them warmly and generously.

> (The) Icelanders made a bold and brave resistance against
> them (received them boldly and bravely, cf taka vel við,
> Z12).

The Icelanders put up a bold and brave resistance against
them.

> Bogmenn spöruðu þá eigi heldr skotin.

> The archers didn't then spare more shots.

> (The) bowmen spared then (or them?) not any-the-less
> the-arrows (lit: the things shot).

The bowmen did not then spare the missiles more.

In other words, they kept up their rate of fire. I’m pretty
sure that it would be <þeim>, not <þá>, if it were `them’.

> Harðnaði þá orrustan at nýju.

> The battle then grew worse again.

> The-battle intensified (lit: hardened) a-new.

The bettle intensified anew.

> Tóku þá hinir aðrir eyjamenn at særast ok falla.

> Then the other islanders began to get wounded and fall.
> (Z. særast, to wound one another. However, I went with
> "get wounded," based on the context)

> Then those other islanders started to be-wounded (passive
> use of middle voice) and to fall (in battle).

Then the other islanders began to be wounded and to fall.

> Varð þeirra framgangr linr.

> It came to pass their weak advancing-in-battle.

> Their advance became (ie was) mild (petered out?) (or,
> possibly, ‘their courage waned’)

Their advance petered out [‘became weak’].

> En þeir Hrani ok Einarr drápu skipsmenn, þar til eigi vóru
> nema fjórir eftir, en þeir vildu flýja til skips.

> And they, Hrani and Einarr, killed the ship's crew, until
> there were but 4 left, and they wanted to flee to the
> ship.

> But (And) they Hrani and Einarr killed (the)
> men-from-the-ship, until (there) were not (any) save four
> behind (ie there were but four remaining), but (and) they
> wanted to flee to (the) ship.

And Hrani and Einar killed men from the ships until [there]
were not [any] except four left, and they wanted to flee to
the ship.

> Fóstbræðr vörðu þeim þat, þar til engi stóð eftir síðast.

> It happened to the foster-brothers, until no one remained
> last.

> (The) foster-brothers held (verja e-m e-t, Z3) that (ie
> the ship?) against them, until none stood after at last.

The foster brothers barred them from that until at last none
remained.

I think that <þat> refers to their attempted flight.

> Var þá dagr á enda.

> Then (the) day was at an end.

> Was then (the) day at an end.

The day was then at an end.

> Hafði orrustan staðit frá því fyrir miðdegi.

> The battle had lasted from that before noon.

> The-battle had lasted from that (time?) before midday.

The battle had lasted from before midday.

Apparently <frá því fyrir> can be used in this way. For
example, at

<http://www.ruv.is/frett/manngerdur-hellir-fra-thvi-fyrir-landnam>

I found this headline:

Manngerður hellir frá því fyrir landnám
Manmade cave from before [the] Settlement

The meaning is clear, since the first sentence of the
article is:

Hellir undir Eyjafjöllum var manngerður að hluta fyrir
landnám það er um árið 800.

A cave below Eyjafjöll was in part manmade before the
Settlement around the year 800.

> Féllu þar allir þeir, er at kómu, tuttugu ok átta tals, en
> af suðreyskum sjö.

> All they fell there, who came upon (them), 28 in number,
> and from the Hebrides, 7.

> All those fell (in battle) there, who had come at (ie
> attacked), eight and twenty in number, but (and) seven of
> (the) Hebridean (lit: South-Isled, note: adjective)
> (combatants).

They all fell there who attacked, 28 in number, and of the
Hebrideans, seven.

> Lítit er getit um atgerðir Rauðs kaupmanns, þar hann var
> eigi bardagamaðr.

> Little is spoken about Merchant Red's accomplishments; he
> was not a warrior there.

> Little is mentioned about (the) achievements of Rauðr
> (the) merchant, there he was not a combatant.

Little is mentioned concerning the achievements of Rauð
[the] merchant, since he was not a combatant.

This appears to be <þar> as a conjunction, ‘since’.

> Vóru nú fóstbræðr eigi stórum sárir, en ákafliga lúnir ok
> móðir.

> The foster-brothers were not now largely wounded, but
> vehemently exhausted and worn out.

> (The) foster-brothers were not now greatly wounded but
> exceedingly exhausted (lúinn, Z2) and weary.

The foster brothers were now now greatly wounded but
exceedingly exhausted and weary.

> Fóru þá menn at sofa um nóttina, en um morguninn snemma
> fóru þeir fram á skip bræðra ok tóku þar herfang mikit í
> gulli ok silfri, gersemum ok dýrendis klæðum, en aðrir
> dysjuðu val.

> Men then went to sleep during the night, and very early in
> the morning then went ahead to the brothers' ship and
> seized there booty in gold and silver, jewels and fine (?)
> clothing, and other (dysjuðu? buried in a cairn?) choice
> (?) (choice grave valuable?).

> (The) men (persons) then went to sleep during the-night,
> but early the next morning they went forth to (the) ships
> (probably plural) of (the) brothers and took there much
> booty in gold and silver, in treasures and precious (=-MnI
> ‘dýrindis’) clothing, but (while) (the) others
> buried-in-a-cairn (the) slain (valr).

Then the men went to sleep for the night, and early in the
morning they went forth to the brothers’ ships and seized
there much booty in gold and silver, jewels and costly
clothing, and others buried the slain in a cairn.

> Nú lögðu þeir Kaupa-Rauðr ok Högni hánefr þat til, at þeir
> fóstbræðr skyldu mestan hluta herfangsins eiga ok þeim
> næst þrír aðrir, er bezt lið höfðu sýnt, ok svo varð.

> Now they, Merchant-Red and Hogni Hogni Hanefr, contributed
> that, that the foster-brothers should have the largest
> share of the booty and the next three others, who had
> clearly (been) best, and it was so.

> Now they, Kaupa (Trader)-Rauðr and Högni ‘High-nose’ put
> that forward (ie proposed) that those foster-brothers
> should have the greatest part of the-booty and the next
> three others to them, who had shown (displayed, pp of
> sýna)) (the) best assistance, and so it happened.

Now Kaupa-Rauð and Högni hánefr proposed that the foster
brothers should have the largest share of the booty the
three others nearest them who had shown the best assistance,
and so it occurred.

> Lofuðu nú allir mjök framgöngu Íslendinganna ok kváðu þar
> mundi allra manna fé ok fjör týnzt hafa fyrir víkingum,
> hefði eigi þeir svo vel dugat.

> All now praised very (the) courage of the Icelanders and
> said there would be all man's wealth and life has perished
> for the vikings, had they not helped so well.

> All now much praised the courage of the-Icelanders, and
> declared there the property and life of all men (persons)
> would have been destroyed before (ie at the hands of)
> (the) Vikings, had they not so well shown-prowess ( duga,
> Z3).

Now all greatly praised the Icelanders’ courage and said
that the property and life of everyone there would have been
destroyed on account of the vikings had they not done such
good service.

> Vóru nú Bárðdælingar kátir ok drukku lystugt eftir allan
> þenna fjárfeng.

> The Barddalings were now merry and drank eagerly after all
> this booty.

> Now (the) Bárð-dalers were merry and drank eagerly after
> all this plunder.

The Barðdælings were now merry and drank eagerly after all
this loot.

I’ve found masculine <fjárfengur> only in fairly modern
examples online, but it appears to be synonymous with
neuter <fjárfang>.

> Kvað nú Hrani fram komna vísnaspá afa síns fyrir sér í
> drauminum forðum.

> Hrani now said (this) brought about his grandfather's
> verses (?) for himself in the former dream.

> Now Hrani declared (the) wise-prophecies of his
> grandfather formerly in the-dream come forth (ie to have
> been realised) for him.

Hrani now said that his grandfather’s verse prophecy
formerly in his dream had been brought about for him.

<Vísna> is the gen. plur. of <vísa> 'a verse', and the gen.
plur. is the usual combining form of the first element in a
nominal composition, so I interpret <vísnaspá> as
'verse-prophecy'. I think that it’s a dat. sing. here, so
that we have <koma e-u fram> 'to bring something about, to
effect something'.

> 15. kafli - Hrani staðfestist í Suðreyjum

> Hrani toook up his abode in the Hebrides.

> Chapter 15 – Hrani takes up abode in The Hebrides (lit:
> South-Isles)

Hrani takes up his abode in the Hebrides.

> Fám dögum eftir þetta sigldi Rauðr.

> Five days after this, Red sailed (away).

> A few days after this Rauðr sailed.

A few days after this Rauð sailed.

> En næsta dag eftir kom skip til eyjanna.

> And (the) next day a ship arrived to the islands.

> But (And) the next day after a ship came to the-island.

And the next day a ship came to the islands.

> Vóru þat inir ensku at sækja kvenfólk sitt, því þeir
> fréttu, at þat var í Suðreyjum heilt ok lifandi.

> It was the English that sought their women-folk, that they
> heard, that it was in the Hebrides (that they were) alive
> and well.

> That was other English (folk) seeking their women-folk,
> because they heard-news, that they (ie the women-folk,
> gramm neut) were in The Hebrides alive and well.

It was the English in search of their womenfolk, because
they heard that they were alive and well in the Hebrides.

<Inir> here is just the def. art.

> Fór þá Einarr til Englands með þeim mæðgum, ok lýkr hér
> frásögn um hann.

> Einarr then went to England with the mother and daughter,
> and here ends the account concerning him.

> Einarr then journeyed to England with them
> mother-and-daughter, and here concludes (the) account
> about him.

Einar then went to England with the mother and daughter, and
his story ends here.

Brian