>
> Even if that were one root, it would be in a minority of roots having
> that ablaut pattern in PIE, and therefore suspected of being a
> substrate loan.
>
> Torsten
>
>
=======
Absurd,
The verb H1es "to be" is the only one of its kind,
This certainly does not make it a loan.
The small number of a particular ablaut may just be a result of more
productive ablauts having replaced old "dead" ablauts.
Something like a/u/i must definitely be old (and inherited).
Arnaud