Re: 'grey' in PIE

From: Rob
Message: 40916
Date: 2005-09-30

--- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, Piotr Gasiorowski <gpiotr@...>
wrote:
> A detailed refutation of Lubotsky (1989) etymology of *k^as-o- is
> perhaps in order. He reconstructs the PIE colour stem as *k^h1ei-,
> assuming it to be an extension of *k^eh1- 'grey', for which the
> only evidence given in the article is Skt. *s'a:rá- 'motley,
> spotted' and Gk. ke^rulos, a fabulous sea-bird (no precise
> description available). The evidence is dubious, to say the least,
> and so it's hard to accept the reality of *k^eh1- in the first
> place. As for the extended *k^h1ei-, he needs the *h1 next to the
> initial stop to account for Slavic *s^- < *x- (BTW, the theory that
> *h1 causes the aspiration of a preceding stop anywhere in IE is
> Lubotsky's personal and controversial opinion, not necessarily
> shared by other IEists). However, the Slavic adjectives *s^e^rU and
> *s^e^dU can both be loans from early Germanic (from, respectively,
> *xaira- 'grey' and *xaida- 'bright, shining'). Note that the latter
> (and possibly the former as well) is a likely cognate of Skt. ketú-
> 'brightness' (no aspiration!) and thus has nothing to do with
> the 'brown, grey, dark' root *k^jeh1- (sic!) as visible in Skt.
> s'yá:va- and, among others, Slavic *sivU and *sinU < *k^ih1-wo-,
> *k^ih1-no-. Even assuming a secondary (anti-samprasarana) full
> grade *k^eih1- to account for Celtic *keiro- 'dark brown' we don't
> get anything that could be used to support Lubotsky's 'hare'
> etymology. Laryngeal metathesis doesn't happen right-to-left, and
> there's no chance that *k^jeh1- could be an extension of **k^eh1-
> rather than **k^ei-. I rest my case, m'lud.

You make a good case here, Piotr. If I may, I'd like to try to link
these facts together as comprehensively as possible:

Skt. *s'a:rá-, Gk. ke^rulos < IE *keh-ro- or *kex-ro- (I'm not sure
if the (presumably Attic) Greek form points to *a: or *e:)

Slavic *s^e^rU, *s^e^dU, Germanic *xaira-, *xaida- < IE *koi-ro-,
*koi-dho-

Skt. ketú- < IE *kei-tu- (related to Slavic and Germanic forms above)

Skt. s'yá:va- < IE *kjeh-wo- or *kjoh-wo-, from *k(e)i-eh- (i.e. root
*kei- plus stative suffix *-eh)

Slavic *sivU, *sinU < IE *kih-wo-, *kih-no-

In conclusion, it seems that there are one or two roots here, both of
the form *kei-, one meaning 'bright' and the other 'gray'. It seems
that the latter was extended with the stative ending, thus
meaning 'being gray' (vel. sim.), perhaps to disambiguate it from the
other *kei- root.

- Rob