Syntax Shell For The Fourth Noble Truth

Dear Dan, Jim, Nina, and Pali Friends

How are you?

Dan, welcome to the world of Pali Language that is the right language
(Sammaa Bhaasaa).

Jim, Nina and Robert, thank you for your patient research and
discussion on the Pali passage regarding the fourth noble truth.

The following is my translation of the paragraph that describes the
fourth noble truth. I tried my best to provide a syntactically
literal translation of the paragraph while attempting to render it in
as natural English as possible. You could perform the "Syntax Walk-
through" on the translation.

I hope you find it useful.


     "`Idam dukkhanirodhagaaminii  pa.tipadaa ariyasaccan'ti me,
bhikkhave,  pubbe  ananussutesu  dhammesu  cakkhum udapaadi, 
ñaa.nam  udapaadi,  paññaa  udapaadi,  vijjaa  udapaadi,  aaloko
udapaadi.  Tam kho  panidam dukkhanirodhagaaminii pa.tipadaa
ariyasaccam  bhaavetabban'ti  me,  bhikkhave,  pubbe …pe…
udapaadi.  `Tam kho panidam dukkhanirodhagaaminii pa.tipadaa
ariyasaccam  bhaavitan'ti  me,  bhikkhave,  pubbe  ananussu
tesu  dhammesu  cakkhum  udapaadi,  ñaa.nam udapaadi, paññaa
udapaadi, vijjaa udapaadi, aaloko udapaadi.

The above Pali is from Dhammacakkapavattana Suttam, Section 1081,
Mahavaggo, Samyutta Nikayo, Chatthasangayana CD-ROM version 3,
produced by Vipassana research Institute .


THE FOURTH NOBLE TRUTH

Translated By Suan Lu Zaw

Monks, the eye, the knowing, the wisdom, the insight, and the light
occur to me on the previously unheard-of realities that this is the
noble truth of the practice bound for cessation of misery. The eye,
the knowing, the wisdom, the insight, and the light occur to me on
the previously unheard-of realities that, as for contrast, that noble
truth of the practice bound for cessation of misery should be
followed through. The eye, the knowing, the wisdom, the insight, and
the light occur to me on the previously unheard-of realities that, as
for contrast, that noble truth of the practice bound for cessation of
misery has been accomplished.


GRAMMARTICAL NOTES

Pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu = the previously unheard-of realities
This expression could have been rendered as "new discoveries" in the
modern context.

Me = to me.  Me is in the dative case and received the action of
occurring (udapaadi). It does not have the previously unheard-of
realities as its object in this context. The Buddha's emphasis here
is on how his awakening in terms of the five synonyms had occurred to
him, not on his ignorance of realities.

Cakkhum = cakkhu, the eye of awakening.

Tam = That as the determining adjective of the noble truth. The
Buddha used "tam" here to contrast it with "idam", which is the
subject in the previoius sentence so that he could highlight the
contrast between the observation (This is the noble truth) and the
action in line with that observation (That noble truth ... should be
followed through).

Kho panidam = As for contrast. The Buddha was contrasting the
observations and the actions taken regarding the fourth noble truth
as well as the first, the second, and the third noble truths.

Panidam = Pana + idam. Here, "idam" has been uttered for the sound
effect.

   Other examples of "idam" as the sound effect are as follows.

Ekamidaahanti ettha idanti nipaatamattam. Ekam ahanti attho. Section
265 Siilakkhandha Atthakathaa.

Ekidanti ettha idanti nipaatamattam, eke sattaati attho. Section 96
Paathika Atthakathaa.


With regards,

Suan

http://www.bodhiology.org