> Meykóngur tók nú einn náttúrustein og brá yfir skipið og höfuð þeim öllum er innan borðs voru.

The reigning queen now took a stone possessing special virtues and drew of the ship and all their heads who are onboard.

[The] maiden-king took now one magic-endowed-stone and quickly-swept [it] over the-ship and [the] heads of all those who were on-board.

The maiden-king now took a magical stone and passed [it] over the ship and [the] heads of all those who were aboard.

> Sá jarl þau aldri síðan, en þau meykóngur og Hléskjöldur halda fram ferðinni, léttandi ei fyrr en þau koma heim á Pul.

The earl never saw them after (that), and the reigning queen and Hleskjoldr continue forward (on) their journey, not stopping before they arrive home at Pul.

[The] ‘earl’ saw them never after-that, but (and) they, [the] maiden-king and Hljéskjöldr, held [course] (continued, maintained) forward the-journey, stopping not before they come home to Púll (Apulia).

[The] earl never saw them after that, and [the] maiden-king and Hléskjöld continue their journey, not stopping until they come home to Apulia.

> Gengur frú Egidía móti þeim með miklum prís og fagnaði.

Lady Egidia goes to meet them with much praise and joy.

Lady Egidía goes (on foot) towards them with great pomp and welcoming-joy.

Lady Egidía goes to meet them with great pomp and joy.

> Situr nú meykóngur þar um hríð.

The reigning queen now stays there a while.

[The] maiden-king now remains (lit: sits) there a while.

[The] maiden-king now stays there for a while.

> Síðan lætur hún búa sína ferð og skipastól heim til Frakklands, beiðandi frú Egidía að Hléskjöldur hennar son fylgdi henni að styrkja hennar ríki fyrir áhlaupum hermanna.

Later she leaves her journey and supply of ships home to Frank-land, asking Mistress Egidia that her son Hleskjoldr follow her to assist her kingdom before warrior attacks.

After-that she-causes (<láta>, Z5) to make-ready (for) her journey and [her] fleet-of-ships home to France, asking Lady Egidía (presumably, this is the accusative?) that Hléskjöldr her (Egidía’s) son accompany her (Nítíða) to strengthen her kingdom against (in the face of) [the] attacks of men-of-war.

Later on she had her fleet readied for her journey home to France, asking Lady Egidía that Hléskjöld, her son, accompany her [= Nítíða] to strengthen her realm against warriors’ attacks.

In Ch. IV the dative of Liforinus is given as Liforino, which is in fact the Latin dative, and we’ve already seen lileam with the ending of a Latin first declension feminine noun.  One would therefore expect the accusative of Egidía to be Egidíam, which in fact occurs in Ch. V.  Apparently the ms(s). on  which our version is based are inconsistent in their choice of an accusative.

> Hennar fóstur-móður veitir henni þetta sæmilega, sem allt annat það er hún beiði, út leiðandi hana með fögrum fégjöfum og ágætum dýrgripum í gulli og gimsteinum og dýrum vefjum.

Her foster mother grants her this honorably, as all other that she requested, leading her out with beautiful costly-gifts and praiseworthy (??) treasures in gold  and gemstones and expensive weaving.  

Her foster mother grants her this honourably, as all other [things] that which she (Nítíða) requested, leading her out with fine gifts-of-money and excellent things-of-great-value in gold and gemstones and costly woven-cloths.

Her foster mother grants her this fittingly, like everything else that she might ask, conducting her out with fine gifts of money and excellent treasures in gold and gemstones and costly woven fabrics.

Beiði in the 3rd sing. is a present subjunctive.  Fóstur-móður appears to be an error for fóstur-móðir, as that has to be the subject of the clause.

> Skilst þessi hoflýður með miklum kærleik.

These courtiers separate with great friendly terms.

These courtly-folk (people of the court, nobility) part-company with great friendliness.

These courtiers part with great friendship.

> Siglir meykóngur í sitt ríki með miklum heiður og veraldlegri mekt.

The reigning queen sails to her kingdom with much honor and worldly power.

[The] maiden-king sails to her kingdom with great honour and worldly might.

[The] maiden-king sails to her realm with great honor and worldly might.

> Verður allur lands-lýður henni feginn stýrandi sínu ríki með friði og náðum.

All her land's inhabitants rejoice governing her kingdom with peace and rest.      (Z. feginn: verða f. to rejoice)

All inhabitants-of-the-land become (ie are) glad of her, governing (lit: steering) her kingdom with love and mercy.

All of the people of the land delight in her, ruling her realm with peace and grace.

Another reading is possible, something like ‘All of the people of the land rejoice at her coming, ruling her realm with peace and grace’: Zoëga has Ingi konungr varð honum hinn fegnasti ‘king Ingi was delighted with his coming’, and Baetke agrees that verða feginn e-m can be ‘rejoice at someone’s coming, ‘to greet someone joyfully’.  However, Baetke’s first gloss amounts to ‘to take (great) pleasure in something’, and I’ve gone with it.

> Hugon er kóngur nefndur; hann réð fyrir Miklagarði.

Hugon is a mentioned king; he ruled over Miklagard.

[There) is a king named Hugon; he ruled over Constantinople (lit: Great-City).

There is a king named Hugon; he ruled over Constantinople.

> Hann átti drottning og tvö börn.

He had a queen and two children.

He had a queen and two children.

He had a queen and two children.

> Son hans hét Ingi; hann var allra manna sæmilegastur og best að íþróttum búinn.

His son was named Ingi; he was of all men the most honorable and best prepared for sports.

His son was-called Ingi; he was of all persons (men) most-becoming and best endowed with accomplishments (skills).

His son was called Ingi; he was the most honorable of all men and [the] best endowed with physical skills.

Íþróttir can also be non-physical skills, but there appears to be an intended contrast between his physical skills and his sister’s ‘feminine arts’ in the next sentence but one.

> Hann lá í hernaði hvert sumar og aflaði sér svo fjár og frægðar; drap ránsmenn og víkinga, en lét friðmenn fara í náðum.

He was engaged in warfare each summer and earned for himself wealth and fame; he slew robbers and pirates, but let peaceful-men go in peace.     (Z. liggja 8: l. í hernaði, víkingu, to be engaged in warfare)

He was-engaged in warfare each summer and gained for himself thus wealth and renown; killed robbers and Vikings, but allowed peaceful-persons (men) to travel in peace.

He went raiding every summer and so got for himself wealth and fame; [he] killed robbers and freebooters but let peaceful folks travel in peace.

> Listalín hét dóttir hans; hún var fríð sýnum og vinsæl, og hlaðin kvenlegum listum.

His daughter was named Listalin; she was fare of face and popular, and loaded (with) womanly skills.

His (King Hugon’s) daughter was-called Listalínæ she was beautiful in appearance and popular, and laden (loaded) with womanly skills

His daughter was called Listalín; she was fair of face and popular and well-endowed [‘loaded’ — or ‘laden’, if one prefers the cognate!] with feminine arts.

> Soldán hét kóngur; hann réð fyrir Serklandi.

A king was named Soldan; he ruled over the land of the Saracens.

[There] was a king called Soldán; he ruled over Serkland (the land of the Saracens)

There was a king called Soldán; he ruled over Serkland.

That’s northern Africa and southern Spain, the land of the Serkir ‘Saracens’; soldán is the modern Icelandic word for ‘sultan’.

> Hann átti þrjá sonu: hét einn Logi, annar Vélogi, þriðjungur Heiðarlogi—hann var þeirra elstur.

He had three sons: One named Logi, another Velogi, the third Heidarlog -- he was their oldest.

He had three sons: one was-called Logi, [the] second Vélogi, [the] third Heiðarlogi – he was [the] eldest of them.

He had three sons: one was called Logi, [the] second Vélogi, [the] third Heiðarlogi — he was [the] eldest of them.

> Hann hafði svart hár og skegg.

He had dark hair and a beard.

He had black hair and beard (not sure if this means his beard was also black, or just that he had a beard).

He had black hair and beard.

It may be interference from English, but I suspect that svart applies to both hár and skegg.

> Hann var hökulangur og vangasvangur, skakktentur og skjöpulmyntur, og út-skeifur.

He was long-chinned and (something about the cheeks? high-cheeked?), unequal-toothed (tenntr = tentr?) and (skjöpulmyntur -- something about the mouth?), and splay-footed.

He was long-of-chin and thin-of-upper-cheek (<vangi> + <svangr>, thin, CV), wry-toothed (CV) and twisted-mouthed (<mynntr>, part, mouthed CV + based on what I found here: https://malid.is/leit/skjapp and see also <skjöplast>, to make a mistake, MnI) and ‘knocked-kneed’ (latin: <valgus>, see under <skeifr>, CV).

He was long-chinned and thin-cheeked, crooked-toothed and shaky-mouthed, and splay-footed.

Opinmyntr is ‘open-mouthed’, and frammynntr is ‘with a prominent mouth’; the element myntr ~ mynntr is presumably kin to munnr ‘mouth’. Aha: de Vries has myntr ‘furnished with a mouth’, and it’s in CV as mynntr. It’s the element skjöpul- that’s the real problem. The nearest thing in the available dictionaries is skjöplast ~ skjǫplask (neither Zoëga nor Baetke agrees with CV that it should be skjóplask), and only Baetke’s definition seems at all applicable: ‘to fluctuate, stagger, sway, waver; to prove unreliable’, though Zoëga’s ‘to give way’ and CV’s ‘to fail’ are in the same general semantic region. I’ve gone with ‘shaky-mouthed’, but it really isn’t clear to me exactly what that might signify; all that seems certain is that something was odd about his mouth.

> Annað auga hans horfði á bast en annað á kvist.

One of his eyes turned to a cord and the other to a twig (obviously not right!)

One eye of his turned-so-as-to-look-on [the] cord/binding (or inner bark) (ie ‘inwards’) and [the] other to [the] twig (or outer branch) (ie ‘outwards’)(as with McDonald my immediate thought was one eye looked inwards, the other outwards, but couldn´t find anything to directly support this).

One of his eyes looked at [the] bast [the inner bark of the lime tree] and [the] other at [the] branch.

According to the translation in our source, that’s a (somewhat roundabout!) way of saying that one looked inwards and the other, outwards — which actually does make sense.

> Hann var hermaður allmikill, og fullur upp af göldrum og gerningum og rammur að afli, og fékk sigur í hverri orrostu.

He was a powerful warrior, and full of sorcery and witchcraft and physically strong, and he won victory in every battle.     (similar to Z. fullr: f. upp úlfúðar, full of savageness)

He was a very great warrior, and full up of (ie fully versed in) sorcery and wizardry and strong of physical strength, and obtained victory in every battle.

He was a very great warrior and full of witchcraft and sorcery and physically strong, and [he] gained victory in every battle.

> Bræður hans, Logi og Vélogi, voru vænir og gildir menn og herjuðu öllum sumrum.

His brothers, Logi and Velogi, were promsing and great men and they went harrying every summer.

His brothers, Logi and Vélogi, were handsome and worthy persons (men) and went-freebooting all summers.

His brothers, Logi and Vélogi, were promising [or possibly handsome] and worthy men and went harrying all summer.

> Blebarnius er kóngur nefndur; hann réð fyrir Indíalandi hinu mikla.

A (certain) king is named Blebarnius; he ruled over the great India.

[There] is a king named Blebarnius; he ruled over India the great.

There is a king named Blebarnius; he ruled over India the Great.

> Hann átti son er Liforinus hét; hann var væn að áliti, ljós og rjóður í andliti snareygður sem valur, hrokkinnhærður og fagurt hárið, herðabreiður en keikur á bringuna, kurteis, sterkur og stórmannlegur.

He had a son who was named Li-forinus; we was fair in appearance, light and red in his face, keen-eyed as a hawk, curly-haired and fine-haired, broad-shouldered but bent-backwards in the chest, courteous, strong, and magnificent.

He had a son who was-called Liforinus; he was handsome in appearance, fair and ruddy in countenance, keen-eyed like a hawk, curly-haired and the-hair fair, broad-of-shoulder but (and) bent-backwards in the chest (ie his posture was such that he leaned slightly back, very upright, rather than being hunched over, see <keikr>, CV), well-bred, strong and like-a-great-man.

He had a son who was called Liforinus; he was handsome in appearance, bright and ruddy of face, keen-eyed as a hawk, curly-haired and his [‘the’] hair beautiful, broad-shouldered and erect [‘bent back at the chest’], courteous, strong, and magnificent.

Brian