Re: Star Wars end XVII + beginning XVIII - - Grace's translation

(Rob's was missing a couple of sentences at the beginning,
so I constructed this as a reply to Grace, but I've given
the translations in the usual order.)

> ... ok girnask á skipit hans.
> ... and lusted after his ship.

It may be interesting to know that <girna> is cognate with
English <yearn>.

> En þá es hann frá, at Hólmgǫngu-Hani vas stolinn ránsfé
> sínu ok farinn til Íslands, spurði hann konungi: “Líkar
> yðr vel ránsfé, konungr, es Hólmgǫngu-Hani fœrir yðr?”

> And then when he learned that his (Han’s) proceeds from
> plundering was stolen from Duel Han and (that he had)
> sailed to Iceland, he asked (the) king, “You enjoy well
> money from plundering, King, which Duel hand brings you?”

Technically <Hólmgǫngu-Hani> is the subject of <vas>; <vera
stolinn> is more literally translated 'to be robbed (of)',
making it 'And when he learned that H-H had been robbed of
his plunder and sailed to Iceland'. (Not that this changes
the meaning from your version!)

> “Þá myndi yðr margt um finnask,” segir Gríðó, “Ef ér
> hefðið allan þann, sem ér eiguð, en nú fór þat fjarri.

> "Then you would much like," says Grido, "If you had all
> that, as you owned, but now far from it. (Z. fara 6 -
> fjarri ferr þat, far from it, by no means)

> “Then you would be much pleased concerning (it),” says
> Grido, “If ye had all that which ye are entitled to, but
> now it amounts? to less.

The last bit is 'but now [you are] far from it'.

> Es it miklu meiri hlutr, es Hani dregr undir sik.

> That is much more wealth, that Han (dregr?) under himself.

3rd person singular active present of <draga>; <draga undir
sik> is 'to appropriate for/to oneself'.

> It is a much greater share which Han fraudulently
> appropriates to himself.

<It miklu meiri hlutr> is a slightly puzzling construction.
<It> is the neuter definite article, nom./acc. sing.;
<miklu> is neut. dat. sing.; <hlutr> is masc. nom. sing.;
and since nothing here is feminine or plural, <meiri> must
be masc. nom. sing., modifying <hlutr> to make 'greater
part, larger part' (or share). However, Zoëga s.v. <mikill>
(6) notes that the neut. dat. <miklu> with a comparative
(e.g., <meiri>) is 'much, by far', so <miklu meiri hlutr> is
'much larger part, greater part by far'. So far as I can
see, <it> makes sense only as a variant of <þat>: 'That/It
is a much larger part that H. appropriates for himself'.

> Hann sendr yðr at gjǫf bjórskinn þrjú en ek veit víst, at
> hann hefir eptir þrjá tigu þeira, es ér eiguð, ok hygg ek,
> at slíkan mun hafi farit um annat.

> He sends to you a gift of three bearskins, but I certainly
> know, that he has after 30 of them, which you own, and I
> think, that similarly would (hafi = have?) gone concerning
> other.

Yes, <hafi> is 3rd person sing. present subjunctive of
<hafa>.

> He sends you as a gift three bear-skins but I know for
> certain that he has (kept) back those thirty which you are
> entitled to and I think that such will have gone on
> regarding other (goods).

Or even 'must have gone on'.

I discovered that this bit is borrowed from Ch. 15 of 'Egils
saga Skallagrímsson':

Hárekr spurði: 'Líkaði yðr vel finnskattrinn, konungr, er
Þórólfr sendi yðr?'

'Vel,' sagði konungr.

'Þá myndi yðr margt um finnast,' segir Hárekr, 'ef þér
hefðið allan þann, sem þér áttuð, en nú fór þat fjarri.
Var hitt miklu meiri hlutr, er Þórólfr dró undir sik.
Hann sendi yðr at gjöf bjórskinn þrjú, en ek veit víst, at
hann hafði eftir þrjá tigu þeira, er þér áttuð, ok hygg
ek, at slíkan mun hafi farit um annat.'

> Satt mun þat, konungr, ef þú fær skipit hans it góða í
> hǫnd mér, at meira fé skal ek fœra þér.”

> True will that, king, if you deliver his ship, the good
> one, in my hands, that more wealth shall I get you."

> It will (be) true, King, if you give his ship, the good
> (one) into my hands, that I shall bring you more wealth.

Odd as it may seem, <skipit hans it góða> is simply 'his
good ship', or perhaps with a little more emphasis, 'that
good ship of his'; the articles add little to <hans>.

> En allt þat, es Gríðó sagði á hendr Hólmgǫngu-Hana, þá
> bǭru förunautar hans vitni með honum.

> And all that, which Grido said concerning Holmgongu-Han,
> then his companions bore witness with him.

> And all that, which Grido said against Duel Han, then his
> comrades bore witness in his favor.

Rob: You'll find <á hendr> 'against' about halfway down the
first column of p. 226 of Zoëga.

> Kona hét Leia; hon vas Beilorganasdóttir, írsks konungs í
> Aldiransveitum.

> A woman was-named Leia; she was Beilorgana's daughter,
> Irish king in Aldiransveit.

> A woman was named Leia, she was daughter of Beilorgana,
> Irish king in Aldiran district.

<Aldiransveitum> is a dative plural, so it's 'Aldiran
Regions' (or Districts).

> Við Beilorgana ok Falfaðni vas þat fátt, ...

> Between Beilorgan and Falfadinn that was cold, ...

> Between? Beilorgana and Palpatine was little (love lost),
> ...

The neuter adjective <fátt> functions as a noun here,
'coolness, coldness', as in <fátt var með þeim> 'there was a
coolness between them'. I suspect that <við>, if it does
anything at all that <með> doesn't already do, strengthens
the statement: its basic sense is 'against'. But I'd still
translate it as 'between': 'Between B. and F. it was cold',
or, more idiomatically, 'Relations between B. and F. were
cold'.

> Fóru margir til nýja landa, beggja Færeyja ok Íslands ok
> Suðreyja ok Orkneyja ok Hjaltlands.

> Many went to new lands, both (to) the Faroe Islands and
> Iceland and the Hebrides and the Orkney Islands and the
> Shetlands.

> Many went to new lands, ??? Faroes and Iceland and
> Hebrides and Orkneys and Shetlands.

Rob's right: <beggja> is the genitive of <báðir> 'both',
genitive because it's in apposition to <nýja landa>, the
object of <til>, and <til> takes the genitive.

> En herrinn Falfaðins vas mikill, ok hann átti mǫrg herskip
> ok stór, ok hann herjaði lǫnd þeira, es vildu eigi
> viðkenna einvald hans; hann lét drepa ok marga góða menn,
> ok þrælka aðra.

> But Falfadinn's army was large, and he had many large
> warships, and he harried their land, who would not
> (viðkenna?) his sole-sovereinty; he also caused to be
> killed many good men and enslaved others.

I don't find <viðkenna> anywhere, but <viðkenning>
'acknowledgement' and <kennast við> 'to acknowledge' point
the way pretty clearly.

> But Lord Palpatine was great and he had great and powerful
> warships and he plundered their lands, since (they) did
> not want to acknowledge his sole rule; he also had killed
> many good men and enthralled others.

Rob's right about <herrinn Falfaðins>: <Falfaðins> is a
genitive, so it can't be the subject of <vas> and must
modify <herrinn> 'the army'. (<Herra> 'lord' with the
postposed article would be <herrann> in the nominative.)
He's also right about <mǫrg> 'many'.

> Vas hann allóvinsæll konungr.
> He was a very unpopular king.
> He was the most unfriendly.

'Unpopular'.

> En því at Falfaðinn konungr vildi kúga alla þá, es stóðu í
> móti honum, ...

> And because King Falfadinn wanted to tyrannize over all
> then, who stood against him, ...

This <þá> is the 3rd person plural masculine accusative
pronoun, as Grace has it: 'all those who'.

> But still King Palpatine wanted to tyrannize all those who
> stood against him, ...

<Því at> is indeed 'because'.

Brian