Re: 'dyeus'

From: Torsten
Message: 66617
Date: 2010-09-18

> > > My opinion is that the bumpkins used a rustic Sabine Latin
> > > dialect, and the sacrificial priests used a closely related
> > > dialect. I see no compelling reason to postulate a "sacred
> > > sociolect".
> >
> > But you just did that yourself? Actually, I never used the word
> > 'sociolect', but okay, if the sacrificial priests spoke a dialect
> > closely related to a rustic Sabine Latin as you claim, (which I
> > did too) then they spoke a 'sacred sociolect'.
>
> You spoke of "socio-allophones" which amount to distinctions of
> "sociolect".

True.

> My position is that the observed distinctions are dialectal, not
> "sociolectal".

Why can't they be both? Sociolectal in the city, dialectal in the sticks?

> We have true Latin <Dia:na>, <fla:men Dia:lis>, and
> <Die:spiter> beside Sabinizing <Juppiter>. What this indicates is
> that some of the Roman priesthoods were traditionally Latin while
> others were traditionally Sabine. If we postulate a Sabinizing
> "sacred sociolect" for <Juppiter>, we must also have a true Latin
> "sacred sociolect" for <Die:spiter> et al.,

Why?

> and these "sociolects" are phonologically indistinguishable from the
> ordinary dialects with their everyday profane words.

Yes, so why assume such a Latin sociolect?

> > > > >
> > > > > [...]
> > > > >
> > > > > I think E-M are on the right track with root-extensions.
> > > >
> > > > I think they're not. Semantics-less 'extensions' should not be
> > > > used in the description of a language. I think it's *-eŋ (and
> > > > a Rozwadowski's change variant *daŋ- in Germanic *dag- etc ?),
> > > > which showns it's non-IE.
> > >
> > > The extensions have semantics, but they are difficult to
> > > determine at this time-depth.
> >
> > The two presumptive extensions both change a root meaning "light,
> > day; god" into stems meaning "light, day; god". They are
> > semantics-less and there is no amount of deferring the question
> > which will turn them into anything else.
>
> No, I believe *dei-w- and *dei-n- were originally distinguished in
> meaning. I suspect the Jovian reformation commandeered *deiw-
> 'bright' (applied as an epithet to the moon, etc.) and replaced the
> old name of the daytime sky-god, *dein-, while elevating him to the
> position of supreme deity. I regard Etruscan as providing a clouded
> window into the pre-Jovian state of affairs; while it is not an IE
> language, it contains loanwords from one or more pre-Italic IE
> languages, and some of its divine names can be explained this way.
> Etr. Tin was identified with Zeus, and Tiu or Tiv was the Moon (also
> an appellative 'month'). I consider these to have been borrowed
> from *dein- and *deiw-. Also Etr. Usil 'the Sun' corresponds to
> Sabine <ausel> and presumably reflects pre-Jovian *h2ews-el-. My
> view is that the first IE-speakers to reach this area had not been
> influenced by the Jovian reformation, and they converted the
> Etruscans to this older form of IE religion. Centuries later, this
> religion was Hellenized, and that is what we find on mirror-scenes
> and the like, but some pre-Jovian relics are still identifiable.

Now that would be an argument against a proposal that *-eŋ in Italic split into *en- and *ew- after loaning to Etruscan, not to a proposal that the split happened before that, in Italic or before.

> > > Nevertheless I think *-g^H- clearly means 'inside, within,
> > > etc.'.
> >
> > Where? What? How?
>
> E.g. *sneh2- 'to float, swim, be wet', *sneh2g^H- 'to dive in,
> plunge' (you may recall scoffing at my explanation of the river
> Na:r/Nera about two years ago);

Erh, us scoffers don't recollect as well as the scoffees.

> *bHer- 'to carry', *bHerg^H- 'to carry inside', whence 'to protect,
> defend'.

In Danish and Swedish you get a syllable less in the present of open-syllable stem verbs than in those with a closed-syllable root. Therefore many verbs closed-syllable verbs have an open syllable by-form, eg.

Da. pres. bryder, pret. brød,
Sw. pres. bryr, pret. brød

Da. pres. har (archaizing haver), pret. havde
Sw, pres. har, pret. hade

Da. pres. coll. la'r, standard lader, pret. lod

Of course that presupposes that the stem is so frequent in use that a open-syllable auslaut-dropping by-form is recognizable as being a sideform of the closed-syllable one. Since you can similarly 'gain' a syllable in PIE and forward by the same device, I suspect it is behind the double forms you cite, cf. also *yu:(g)- "join" (other people's *jeu- and *jeug-).


Torsten