--- Piotr Gasiorowski <
gpiotr@...> wrote:
> On 2007-03-15 16:53, Sean Whalen wrote:
>
> > And hr- isn't permitted, of course, either.
>
> True, but the question is whether we are dealing
> with vowel epentehsis
> in <haru-> and <varus> or with vowel _loss_ in
> <prae>, <trans> and a few
> other words, e.g. <glo:s> (Gk. gálo:s, Sl. *zUly).
But x() would not become u after gY. This is a case
of PIE L vs. l with Greek inserting "a" to break up
certain velar clusters in the same places Slavic
inserts "u" (as in other words). In Greek the new
vowel takes the tone that was on the following vowel.
> Raimo Anttila points
> out, in his Schwebeablaut book, that even _full_
> vowels seem to have
> been lost sporadically in the first syllable Latin
> if the result was an
> acceptable stop-plus-liquid cluster, as in <gru:s>
> (cf. Slavic
> *z^erav(j)I), derivable from something like
> *gerh2o-h2wi-, i.e.
> 'shriek-bird' (cf. Gk. gere:n < *gerh2-e:n and
> *gér&2-n-o- in Gk.
> géranos, Celtic *garanos).
I'd say the word was:
* gerxús / garxús / gr,xús with stem * ger-x-w+ / etc.
and adj. * ger-x-n.o+ (similar to the words for
'birch' and 'oak').
In Latin *gr,-xús > *gr,-ús > *gr-ús > gru:s
(lengthening with loss of mora in resyl. in monosyl.).
Greek *géra:n is from an analogical nom. < géran-.
I'd be very hesitant to reconstruct a word with two
x's in a row based on apparent reflexes in one branch.
After a "laryngeal" becomes -syllabic between C's the
clusters are sometimes "fixed" (differently in Baltic
and Slavic). At this time Slavic inserts "a" exactly
in the same places it inserted "u" in the past.
kabxLó+ ... ger-x-w+
kabuxLó+ .. ger-x-w+
kabuxLó+ .. gerxw+
kabuxLó+ .. geraxw+
etc.
Germanic forms a diminutive with n. inserted due to
contamination.
gar-x-n.o+
>>
gar-x-ko+
gar-G-go+ (k>g when x>G)
gár-u-go+
gar-u-n.go+ (not allowed)
gran.-u-go+
>
kran.uka+
> There are also examples
> of a retained prop
> vowel in the type that normally has none, e.g. caro:
> 'meat, flesh' <
> *kr.r-o:n (a Lindeman form?) from *(s)ker- 'cut'. It
This is from * fkYèr.ón.+ since in Latin:
kY>k / #f_
e>a / kY>k_
f>0 / #_k a
f>0 / #_k [-front]
but the order in Celtic is:
f>0 / #_k a
f>0 / #_k [-front]
kY>k / #f_
e>a / kY>k_
so the regularity of the changes (among many others)
is certain. fkY > kW in Hittite, for example.
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