--- In
cybalist@yahoogroups.com, g <st-george@...> wrote:
>
> > But -ingham names are _English_, and Birmingham is one of them. -
ingen
> > requires a separate discussion.
> >
> > Piotr
>
> comparison:
>
> --- Austria: [.....]
>
> Germanisches Erbe
>
> Peter Ernst erklärt, dass das Suffix "-ing" ein germanisches Erbe
> darstellt und auch in England oder Skandinavien zu finden
ist: "Die
> deutsche Sprache übernahm diese Bildungsmöglichkeit ab etwa 600 n.
> Chr., dementsprechend sind Siedlungsnamen auf '-ing' kennzeichnend
für
> deutschsprachige Siedler."
>
That would be 'deutsch' in the sense of 'Germanic', I suppose.
Saulius Ambrazas, in The Ancient Relationship Between the Baltic and
Germanic Languages from the Standpoint of Word Formation (in K.
Jones-Bley and M. E. Huld (eds.) 'The Indo-Europeanization of
Northern Europe) mentions the parallel formation of adjectives by
means of the suffix *-ingo- in the Baltic Languages and the forming
of nomina attributiva by means of the suffix -ing in Germanic. In
Baltic, some of the adjectives have turned into noina attributiva
too (Old Prussian ragingis "deer"). "Old Prussian and Jotvingian
names proper nouns and place-names with the suffix -ing- and its
variants -ang-, -ung- ... testify that such a derivational type is
really old in West Baltic".
*-isko- is another suffix common to Germanic and Baltic (and Greek,
and partly Latin).
The two suffixes can be divided *-in-go- and *-is-ko-. *-ko exists
as a relativising suffix (finite verb -> relative sentence
or 'adjective') or diminutive in Basque. *-in- < *-en- is the Basque
genitive suffix, *-an- the locative suffix. -sko forms adjectives in
Basques (urhe "gold", urhesko "golden"). An old 'Vasconic' substrate
à la Vennemann?
Also, let me remind Piotr of Helsingør, Helsingborg at the throat
('hals') of Øresund, Danish udlænding "foreigner",
morsingbo "inhabitant of the island Mors"
Torsten