Re: [tied] Albanian outside the centum-satem division?

On 9/20/05, Abdullah Konushevci <akonushevci@...> wrote:

Palatals in Albanian

1. *aig'- 'goat' > Alb. <edh> ‚goat kid' (*ai > e, *g' > dh);
2. *aik'- ‚to master of, possess' > Alb. <eth> 'possess, mate' (*ai > Alb. /e/, *k' > th);
3. *ak'- 'sharp' > Alb. <i ath•të> 'bitter, tart', but *ak'-sko > eh 'to sharp' (cf. also <preh/pref> 'to sharp'), *ak'-ro > *ats-ro > ac•ar 'frost'; nasalized o-grade form *omk'-lo > Alb. <uthull> 'vinegar' (*om > u, cf. *eg'-om > Alb. <u•në> 'I'); *ak'-ri-bhwo > Alb. (i,e) tharb 'sour' with aphaeresis of unstressed syllable. So, we have for *k' > Alb. /th/, /c/;
4. *bherHg'- 'to shine' > Alb. < bredh> 'fir-tree' (<*bhorHg'-u), <(i,e) bardhë> 'white' (<* bhr.Hg'-o; *g' > Alb. /dh/);
5. *dek'm.-to < i dhjeti> 'tenth', probably from <dhjati> due to i-Umlaut with drop of palatal /k'/;
6. *dek's- 'right' > Alb. <i djath•të> 'right' (*k' > Alb. /th/);
7. dhg'hem- 'earth' > Alb. <dhé> (*g'h > Alb. /dh/);
8. dhg'h(y)es- 'yesterday' > Alb. <dje> 'id.' (g'h > Alb. /d/);
9. *eg'hs- 'out' > Alb. <jash•të> with drop of palatal /g'h/ and diphthongizing of *e > ja before a secondary cluster;
10. *g'embh- 'tooth' > Alb. <dhâmë/dhëmbë> 'tooth' (*g' > Alb. /dh/);
11. *g'emH1- 'to marry' . Alb. <dam•së> 'wedding' (*g'h > Alb. /d/);
12. *g'heim-on > Alb. <dimën> 'winter' (*g'h > Alb. /d/)
13. *g'her- 'to grasp, enclose', suffixed zero-grade form *g'hr.H-dho > Alb. <gardh. 'fence, hedge' (*g'h > Alb. /g/ followed by liuquids);
14. *g'hes- 'hand', suffixed form *g'hes-(e)r > g'he:r-eH2 > Alb. <dorë>, thanks to Szemerény's law *g'hesr- > *g'he:r, lengthening of vowel as a result of compansation of dropped consonant (*g'h> Alb. /d/), but <ngjesh> 'to press' from *en-g'hes- (*g'h > g preceded by nasals);
15. *g'heu- 'to pour, pour libitation', suffixed extended zero-grade form *g'hus-lo > dyllë 'wax'
16. *g'no:- 'to know', suffixed form *g'no:-sko > Alb. <njeh> 'to count', e-grade form *g'ne:-sko 'to know' (*g' followed by nasal /n/ have yielded /nj/).
17. *g'hr.zd- > Alb. <drithë> 'cereal, grain'; *g'horzd-eH2 > Alb. Dardhë (*g'h > Alb. /d/)
18. *k'at- 'to fight', probably preserved in Albanian as a bound morpheme –kat- (?) in n•gatërroj 'to distrub', sh•katërroj 'to destroy' (again *k' preceded by nasal have yielded plain velar /k/, regularly voiced before nasal).
19. k'ei- Referring to various adjective of color; suffixed form *k'ei-mo > i thimë 'grey-headed'; but I'm afraid that *k'ei- 'to lie' have as outcome Alb. <qij> 'to copulate', attested with meaning 'loved, dear' in compound <nanëqimë> 'loved by mother, dear to mother, very proud man', maybe calqued in American-English as <mother-fucker>
20. k'el- 'to cover, conceal' > Alb. <shel> bound morpheme of <mëshel> 'to close' and <çel < t•shel> 'to open' (*k'el- > k'jel > tsjel > shel).

To be continued

Konushevci