On Tue, 07 Jun 2005 13:02:17 +0000, tgpedersen
<
tgpedersen@...> wrote:
>BTW Miguel in his notes derives the many Latin perfect-based tenses
>from stem + -w suffix (forming past active participles in Slavic) +
>*h1s- inflected.
Yes, the derived tenses of the perfectum look, with one
exception, exactly like inflected forms of the verb "to be"
added, in the "weak" verbs, to the *w-participle
(ptc.pf.act.):
pf.conj.
ama:-ve + sim = ama:verim
ama:-ve + si:s = am:veris
ama:-ve + sit = ama:verit
ama:-ve + si:mus = ama:veri:mus
ama:-ve + si:tis = ama:veri:tis
ama:-ve + sint = ama:verint
pqpf.ind.
ama:-v + eram = ama:veram
ama:-v + era:s = ama:vera:s
ama:-v + erat = ama:verat
ama:-v + era:mus = ama:vera:mus
ama:-v + era:tis = ama:vera:tis
ama:-v + erant = ama:verant
pqpf.conj.
ama:-v + essem = ama:vissem
ama:-v + esse:s = ama:visse:s
ama:-v + esset = ama:visset
ama:-v + esse:mus = ama:visse:mus
ama:-v + ess:etis = ama:visse:tis
ama:-v + essent = ama:vissent
fut.ex.
ama:-v + ero: = ama:vero:
ama:-v + eris = ama:veris
ama:-v + erit = ama:verit
ama:-v + erimus = ama:verimus
ama:-v + eritis = ama:veritis
ama:-v + erunt = *ama:verunt (=> ama:verint)
The perfect itself may then be the result of an amalgamation
of synthetic and periphrastic forms:
e:m-i: *ama:ve-rum => e:m-i:, ama:v-i:
*e:m-ti: *ama:v-is => e:m-is-ti:, ama:v-is-ti:
e:m-it *ama:v-ist => e:m-it, ama:v-it
e:m-(i)mus *ama:ve-rumus => e:mimus, ama:vimus
*e:m-(i)tis ama:v-istis => e:mistis, ama:vistis
e:m-e:re am:ave-runt => eme:re/eme:runt/e:merunt,
ama:ve:re/ama:ve:runt/ama:verunt
>He doesn't directly mention what stem he bases Latin
>imperfect on.
The imperfect seems to be based on a verbal form in -e:
(*-eh1), either an instrumental or a "stative", I'm really
unsure about what it is exactly, followed by the preterit of
*bhuah2- "to be": ama:-e:-ba:- > a:ma:ba(:)-; de:le:-e:-ba:
> de:le:ba(:)-; audi:-e:-ba:- > audie:ba(:)-; em-e:-ba:- >
eme:ba(:)-). The same base is found in the Slavic imperfect
(nes-e:-axU), exept that the auxiliary there is *h1es-
(preterit *e-es-> e:s-).
=======================
Miguel Carrasquer Vidal
mcv@...