alexandru_mg3 wrote:
>The Hungarian word
[i.e., <kard> [kOrd] "sword"]
>is considered a Slavic Loan?
I found a statement in an article (see URL below), of
which I don't know whether it is scientifically okay.
It states that Protomagyars once borrowed <kard>
from the Persian-like idiom spoken by Alans (also known
as Jász/-ok in Hungarian; cf. the toponyms starting with
Jász- [ya:s] in an area West of Debreczen and East of
Budapest).
I used these search words: "kard" + "szláv" + "
jövevényszó"; or the plural of the latter word
meaning "loanword/s:" "jövevényszavak")
The statement:
"... kereskedelmi kapcsolatai voltak öseinknek a
perzsákkal, melyet vám és vásár szavunk bizonyít,
valamint az iráni alánokkal, melyet a híd és üveg
szavak mutatnak. Ugyancsak iráni alán átvétel vért,
kard, asszony (fejedelemasszony), gazdag, tehén,
tej, vaj (zsiradék), nemez és tíz szavunk is."
excerpted from an essay "Magyar nyelv" ("the Hungarian
language")
http://mek.oszk.hu/01900/01992/html/index10.html
"... our ancestors had trade/bartering relations with
Persians, also attested by words such as <vám>
[va:m] "customs" + "customs duties," and <vásár>
['va:Sa:r] "fair; market; to buy, acquire", as well as
with the Iranian Alans, cf. the words <híd> [hi:d]
"bridge" and <üveg> ['üvaeg] "bottle; glass".
Also Alanian loanwords are <vért> [sic?], kard,
(fejedelem)asszony, gazdag, tehén, tej, vaj,
nemez> [sic?] as well as <tíz>." ("blood; sword;
lady (counterpart of a lord); rich; cow; milk;
butter; [...?] & ten")
NB1: <vám> > Romanian <vamä> "customs as institution
and as duties/fee" / <üveg> > Romanian regional (in the West)
<iagä> and <uiagä> "bottle".
NB2: <gazdag> ['gOzdOg] might be to be taken along
with <gazda> ['gOzdO], I don't know. For the former, there
is the Romanian regional loanword <gäzdac> [g&z'dak]
"rich, well-to-do;", for the latter, there is <gazdä> ['gazd&]
"host; landlord" (but which in some western regions in
addition means "rich, well-to-do, prosperous", i.e. even
"a prosperous host"). (For one of them, or for both, there
are correspondents in neighboring Slavic languages, AFAIK.)
NB2: the pronunciation of Hung. <tíz> "ten" is very close to
that of French <dix>, which < Lat. <decem>.
George