Dear
friends,
Continuation of the DN 31 translation and grammatical
analysis:
Idam avoca Bhagavaa.
ida.m - (idam: sandhi assim) - dem pro,
n/nom/sg - that
avoca - vac I, aor, 3rd/sg - he said
Bhagavaa - m-ant/nom/sg - the Blessed One
That is what the Buddha said.
6. Ida.m vatvaa Sugato athaapara.m etad avoca Satthaa:
ida.m - dem pro, n/acc/sg - that
vatvaa - vac I, ger - having said
Sugato - m-a/nom/sg - the Sublime one
athaapara.m - AV cpd *, adv - thereafter
etad - dem
pro, n/acc/sg - this
avoca - vac I, aor, 3rd/sg - he said
Satthaa - m-ar/nom/sg - the Teacher
6. Summing up in verse, the
sublime teacher said:
"Chandaa dosaa bhayaa
mohaa,
yo dhamma.m ativattati,
Nihiiyati tassa vaso,
kaa.la-pakkhe va candimaa.
chandaa - m-a/abl/sg - out of desire
dosaa - m-a/abl/sg - out of hatred
bhayaa - m-a/abl/sg - out of fear
mohaa - m-a/abl/sg - out of delusion
yo - rel
pro, m/nom/sg - who
dhamma.m - m-a/acc/sg - the Dhamma
ativattati - ati+vatt I, pres act, 3rd/sg - he goes beyond
nihiiyati - ni+haa I, pres pass, 3rd/sg - it is destroyed
tassa - 3rd pers pro, m-a/gen/sg - his
vaso - m-a/nom/sg
- reputation
kaa.la-pakkhe - KD cpd, m-a/loc/sg -
during the waning fortnight
kaa.la - adj, stem - dark
pakkhe - m-a/loc/sg - side; fortnight
iva (va: sandhi elis) - ind enc - like
candimaa - m-a/nom/sg
- moon (candima, an –a/stem noun, has an irregular
nominative singular in candimaa)
"Desire, hatred, delusion, or fear:
Whoever transgresses the Dhamma by these,
Has a reputation that comes to ruin,
Like the moon in the waning fortnight.
Chandaa dosaa bhayaa mohaa,
yo dhamma.m naativattati;
Aapuurati tassa vaso,
sukka-pakkhe va,
candimaati."
chandaa - m-a/abl/sg - out of desire
dosaa - m-a/abl/sg - out of hatred
bhayaa - m-a/abl/sg - out of fear
mohaa - m-a/abl/sg - out of delusion
yo - rel
pro, m/nom/sg - who
dhamma.m - m-a/acc/sg - the Dhamma
[na ativattati - (naativattati: sandhi coal)]
na - ind neg advs - not
ativattati - ati+vatt I, pres act, 3rd/sg - he goes beyond
aapuurati - aa+puur I, pres act, 3rd/sg - it increases
tassa - 3rd pers pro, m-a/gen/sg - his
vaso - m-a/nom/sg
- reputation
sukka-pakkhe - KD cpd, m-a/loc/sg -
during the waxing fortnight
sukka - adj, stem - bright
pakkhe - m-a/loc/sg - side; fortnight
iva (va: sandhi elis) - ind enc - like
[candimaa iti - (candimaati: sandhi coal)]
candimaa - m-a/nom/sg - moon
iti - ind - (end-quote)
Desire, hatred, delusion, or fear:
Whoever transgresses not the Dhamma by these,
Has a reputation that comes to fullness,
Like the moon in the waxing fortnight."
With
metta,
John
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