For Vinaya enthusiasts: I am posting a translation of the
Kammavagga from the Parivaara, the fifth book of the Vinaya
Pi.taka. It began as nothing more than a corrected version
of I.B. Horner's rendering that I intended to use as the
basis for a translation of the Atthakathaa to it. But later
I found so many serious errors in Horner's rendering* that I
produced a new one starting almost from scratch, though
retaining several of Horner's choices for technical terms.
This chapter, I must admit, does not by itself make for very
interesting reading, even for Vinaya enthusiasts. However, I
am making it available as it will at least lighten the task
of understanding the Atthakathaa, in which the chapter gets
fully fleshed out and brought to life.
[* Regarding Horner's Vinaya translation as a whole, I have
found that the two Vibha`ngas are mostly fairly reliable,
the Khandhakas have many errors, but mainly small ones, but
the Parivaara is highly unreliable].
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KAMMAVAGGA
CHAPTER ON FORMAL ACTS
(Vin. v. 219-223)
cattaari kammaani.
There are four formal acts:
apalokanakamma.m, ~nattikamma.m,
~nattidutiyakamma.m, ~natticatutthakamma.m.
(1) A formal act of giving notice.
(2) A formal act at which a motion is put.
(3) A formal act at which a motion is put, followed by
one resolution.
(4) A formal act at which a motion is put, followed by
the resolution made three times.
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imaani cattaari kammaani katihaakaarehi
vipajjanti?
In how many ways do these four formal acts fail?
imaani cattaari kammaani pa~ncahaakaarehi
vipajjanti -- vatthuto vaa ~nattito vaa
anussaavanato vaa siimato vaa parisato vaa.
In five ways do these four formal acts fail: on account
of the substance, the motion, the proclamation, the
boundary, or the assembly.
katha.m vatthuto kammaani vipajjanti?
How do formal acts fail on account of the substance?
sammukhaakara.niiya.m kamma.m asammukhaa karoti,
vatthuvipanna.m adhammakamma.m;
A formal act that should carried out in the presence is
not carried out in the presence: being defective on
account of the substance, it is an unlawful act.
pa.tipucchaakara.niiya.m kamma.m apa.tipucchaa
karoti, vatthuvipanna.m adhammakamma.m;
A formal act that should be carried out by asking a
question in return is not carried out by asking a
question in return: being defective on account of the
substance, it is an unlawful act.
pa.ti~n~naaya kara.niiya.m kamma.m apa.ti~n~naaya
karoti, vatthuvipanna.m adhammakamma.m;
A formal act that should be carried out by
acknowledgment is not carried out by acknowledgment:
being defective on account of the substance, it is an
unlawful act.
sativinayaarahassa amuu.lhavinaya.m deti,
vatthuvipanna.m adhammakamma.m;
One who deserves a verdict based on his (perfect)
mindfulness is instead given a verdict based on former
insanity: being defective on account of the substance,
it is an unlawful act.
amuu.lhavinayaarahassa tassapaapiyasikaakamma.m
karoti, vatthuvipanna.m adhammakamma.m;
For one who deserves a verdict based on former insanity
is instead carried out a formal act for one who has
committed a fault: being defective on account of the
substance, it is an unlawful act.
tassapaapiyasikaakammaarahassa tajjaniiyakamma.m
karoti, vatthuvipanna.m adhammakamma.m;
For one who deserves a formal act for one who has
committed a fault is instead carried out a formal act
of censure: being defective on account of the substance,
it is an unlawful act.
tajjaniiyakammaarahassa niyassakamma.m karoti,
vatthuvipanna.m adhammakamma.m;
For one who deserves a formal act of censure is instead
carried out a formal act of guidance: being defective
on account of the substance, it is an unlawful act.
niyassakammaarahassa pabbaajaniiyakamma.m karoti,
vatthuvipanna.m adhammakamma.m;
For one who deserves a formal act of guidance is
instead carried out a formal act of banishment: being
defective on account of the substance, it is an
unlawful act.
pabbaajaniiyakammaarahassa pa.tisaara.niiyakamma.m
karoti, vatthuvipanna.m adhammakamma.m;
For one who deserves a formal act of banishment is
instead carried out a formal act of reconciliation:
being defective on account of the substance, it is an
unlawful act.
pa.tisaara.niiyakammaarahassa ukkhepaniiyakamma.m
karoti, vatthuvipanna.m adhammakamma.m;
For one who deserves a formal act of reconciliation is
instead carried out a formal act of suspension: being
defective on account of the substance, it is an
unlawful act.
ukkhepaniiyakammaarahassa parivaasa.m deti,
vatthuvipanna.m adhammakamma.m;
One who deserves a formal act of suspension is instead
given probation: being defective on account of the
substance, it is an unlawful act.
parivaasaaraha.m muulaaya pa.tikassati,
vatthuvipanna.m adhammakamma.m;
One who deserves probation is instead sent back to the
beginning: being defective on account of the substance,
it is an unlawful act.
muulaayapa.tikassanaarahassa maanatta.m deti,
vatthuvipanna.m adhammakamma.m;
One who deserves to be sent back to the beginning is
instead given penance: being defective on account of
the substance, it is an unlawful act.
maanattaaraha.m abbheti, vatthuvipanna.m
adhammakamma.m;
One who deserves to be given penance is instead
rehabilitated: being defective on account of the
substance, it is an unlawful act.
abbhaanaaraha.m upasampaadeti, vatthuvipanna.m
adhammakamma.m;
One who deserves to be rehabilitated is instead given
full admission: being defective on account of the
substance, it is an unlawful act.
anuposathe uposatha.m karoti, vatthuvipanna.m
adhammakamma.m;
Uposatha is carried out when it is not an uposatha day:
being defective on account of the substance, it is an
unlawful act.
apavaara.naaya pavaareti, vatthuvipanna.m
adhammakamma.m.
Invitation is carried out when it is not an invitation
day: being defective on account of the substance, it is
an unlawful act.
eva.m vatthuto kammaani vipajjanti.
Thus do formal acts fail on account of the substance.