[ Abbreviations ]
nom. - nominative case
acc. - accusative case
ins. - instrumental case
abl. - ablative case
dat. - dative case
gen. - genitive case
loc. - locative case
voc. - vocative case
masc. - masculine gender
neut. - neuter gender
sing. - singular
plur. - plural
indec. - indeclinable
Exercise 14:
Translate into English:
1. So pabbatamhaa udenta.m canda.m passitu.m paasaada.m aaruhissati.
so = he
pabbatamhaa = mountain (abl.)
udenta.m = rising
canda.m = moon (acc.)
passitu.m = to see
paasaada.m = palace (acc.)
aaruhissati = will climb
Ans: He will climb the palace to see the moon rising from the
mountain.
2. Bhuupaalo corehi diipa.m rakkhitu.m amaccehi saha mantessati.
bhuupaalo = king (nom.)
corehi = robbers/thieves (abl.)
diipa.m = island (acc.)
rakkhitu.m = to protect
amaccehi = ministers (ins.)
saha = with
mantessati = will discuss
Ans: The king will discuss with ministers to protect the island from
robbers/thieves.
3. Aha.m samudda.m taritvaa diipa.m paapu.nitvaa bha.n.daani
vikki.nissaami.
aha.m = I
samudda.m = sea (acc.)
taritvaa = having crossed
diipa.m = island (acc.)
paapu.nitvaa = having reached
bha.n.daani = goods (acc.)
vikki.nissaami = will sell
Ans: Having crossed the sea and reached the island, I will sell goods.
4. Tumhe vihaara.m upasa"nkamantaa magge pupphaani vikki.nante
manusse passissatha.
tumhe = you
vihaara.m = monastery (acc.)
upasa"nkamantaa = approaching
magge = road (loc.)
pupphaani = flowers (acc.)
vikki.nante = selling
manusse = people (acc.)
passissatha = will see
Ans: Approaching the monastery, you will see people selling flowers
on the road.
5. Udaka.m otaritvaa vatthaani dhovanto kassako nahaayitvaa geha.m
aagamissati.
udaka.m = water (acc.)
otaritvaa = having descended
vatthaani = clothes (acc.)
dhovanto = washing
kassako = farmer (nom.)
nahhayitvaa = having bathed
geha.m = home (acc.)
aagamissati = will come
Ans: The farmer who is washing clothes after stepping into the water
will bathe and come home.
6. Gaame viharanto tva.m nagara.m gantvaa ratha.m aanessasi.
gaame = village (loc.)
viharanto = dwelling/living
tva.m = you
nagara.m = town (acc.)
gantvaa = having gone
ratha.m = chariot (acc.)
aanessasi = will bring
Ans: You who live in the village will go to the town and bring a
chariot.
7. Pu~n~na.m kaatu.m icchantaa tumhe sappurisaa paapamitte
ovadissatha.
pu~n~na.m = merit (acc.)
kaatu.m = to do
icchantaa = wishing
tumhe = you
sappurisaa = good men (nom.)
paapamitte = evil friends (acc.)
ovadissatha = will advise
Ans: Wishing to do merit, you good men will advise evil/wicked
friends.
8. Dhamma.m sotu.m uyyaane nisiidantaana.m upaasakaana.m aha.m
paaniiya.m dassaami.
dhamma.m = doctrine (acc.)
sotu.m = to hear
uyyaane = park (loc.)
nisiidantaana.m = sitting
upaasakaana.m = lay devotees (dat.)
aha.m = I
paaniiya.m = drinking water (acc.)
dassaami = will give
Ans: I will give drinking water to the lay devotees sitting in the
park to listen to the dhamma.
9. Maya.m bhuupaalaa dhammena diipe paalessaama.
maya.m = we
bhuupaalaa = kings (nom.)
dhammena = righteously
diipe = islands (acc.)
paalessaama = will rule
Ans: We kings will rule the islands righteously.
10. Rukkha.m paatetvaa phalaani khaaditu.m icchanta.m asappurisa.m
aha.m akkosaami.
rukkha.m = tree (acc.)
paatetvaa = having fallen
phalaani = fruits (acc.)
khaaditu.m = to eat
icchanta.m = wishing
asappurisa.m = wicked man (acc.)
aha.m = I
akkosaami = scold
Ans: I scold the wicked man who wishes to fell the tree to eat the
fruits.
11. Daana.m dadamaanaa siila.m rakkhantaa maya.m sama.nehi dhamma.m
ugga.nhissaama.
daana.m = charity (acc.)
dadamaanaa = giving
siila.m = virtue (acc.)
rakkhantaa = protecting
maya.m = we
sama.nehi = monks (abl.)
dhamma.m = doctrine (acc.)
ugga.nhissaama = will learn
Ans: Giving charity and protecting virtue, we will learn the dhamma
from monks.
12. Dhaavantamhaa saka.tamhaa patanta.m daaraka.m disvaa tva.m
vejja.m aanesi.
dhaavantamhaa = running
saka.tamhaa = cart (abl.)
patanta.m = falling
daaraka.m = child (acc.)
disvaa = having seen
tva.m = you
vejja.m = doctor (acc.)
aanesi = bring
Ans: Seeing the child falling from the running cart, you bring the
doctor.
13. Sacca.m adhigantu.m ussahanto taapaso Tathaagata.m passitu.m
aaka"nkhati.
sacca.m = truth (acc.)
adhigantu.m = to understand
ussahanto = trying
taapaso = hermit (nom.)
Tathaagata.m = Buddha (acc.)
passitu.m = to see
aaka"nkhati = hopes
Ans: The hermit who tries to understand the truth hopes to see Buddha.
14. Buddhe pasiiditvaa upaasako devaputto hutvaa saggaloke uppajjati.
Buddhe = Buddha (loc.)
passiditvaa = having being pleased
upaasako = lay devotee (nom.)
devaputto = deity (acc.)
hutvaa = having become
saggaloke = heavenly world (loc.)
uppajjati = is born
Ans: Being pleased with the Buddha, the lay devotee having become a
deity is born in the heavenly world.
15. Udenta.m suriya.m disvaa braahma.no gehaa nikkhamma vandati.
udenta.m = rising
suriya.m = sun (acc.)
disvaa = having seen
braahma.no = brahmin (nom.)
gehaa = house (abl.)
nikkhamma = having left
vandati = worships
Ans: Having seen the sun rising, the brahmin goes out of the house
and worship (it).
16. Diipa.m pappotu.m aaka"nkhamaanaa maya.m samudda.m taritu.m
naavika.m pariyesaama.
Ans: Hoping to reach/get to the island, we search for a sailor to
cross the sea.
17. Amaccassa duuta.m pahi.nitu.m icchanto bhuupaalo aha.m asmi.
Ans: I am the king wishing to send a messenger to the minister.
18. Pu~n~nakammaani karontaana.m vaa.nijaana.m dhana.m atthi.
Ans: There is wealth for merchants doing meritorious deeds.
19. Maya.m giitaani gaayante naccante kumaare olokessaama.
Ans: We will look at boys singing songs and dancing.
20. Paapa.m parivajjetvaa kusala.m karonte sappurise devaa
puujessanti.
Ans: Deities will honour virtuous men avoiding evil and doing good.
21. Sacca.m bhaasantaa asappurise anusaasantaa pa.n.ditaa upaasakaa
bhavissanti.
Ans: Wise people who speak the truth and admonish evil men will
become lay devotees.
22. Tva.m dha~n~nena patta.m puuretvaa aacariyassa dassasi.
Ans: Having filled the bowl with corn, you will give it to the
teacher.
23. Rukkhamuule nisiiditvaa ciivara.m sibbanta.m sama.na.m aha.m
upasa"nkamissaami.
Ans: I approach the monk sitting at the foot of a tree sewing the
robe.
24. Aha.m sayantassa puttassa kaaya.m aamasanto ma~ncasmi.m
nisiidaami.
Ans: I sit on the bed stroking the body of the sleeping son.
25. Uyyaanesu rukkhe ropetu.m sama.naa manusse anusaasanti.
Ans: Monks instruct people to plant trees in parks.
Translate into Paali:
1. Having learnt the dhamma from the Buddha I will live righteously
in the world.
Ans: Buddhasmaa dhamma.m ugga.nhitvaa aha.m loke dhammena
vasissaami/jiivissaami.
2. I will advise the king to rule the island righteously with his
ministers.
Ans: Aha.m amaccehi saha dhammena diipa.m paaletu.m bhuupala.m
ovadissaami.
3. Keeping the garment on the seat the child will enter the water to
bathe.
Ans: Aasanasmi.m saa.taka.m .thapetvaa daarako nahaayitu.m udaka.m
otarissati.
4. Having heard the doctrine you (plur.) will become pleased with the
Tathaagata.
Ans: Dhamma.m sutvaa tumhe Tathaagate pasiidissatha.
5. They who are walking in the forest collecting fruits will desire
to drink water.
Ans: Ara~n~namhi carantaa phalaani sa.mharantaa te paaniiya.m paatu.m
icchissanti.