Re: Hrafns Saga 16 + 17A

> 16. Þorvaldr varð sekr um hvaltöku.

> 16. Thorvaldr was sentenced to pay concerning the
> whale-taking

> 16 Þorvaldr became condemned-to-outlawry (sekr, Z2)
> concerning a whale-taking.

Þorvald was sentenced to full outlawry for stealing blubber.

GPH says that in the 13th century <sekr> ‘under penalty’,
when not further qualified, usually seems to mean ‘sentenced
to full outlawry’. CV s.v. <hvalr> has <hvaltake> ‘taking,
stealing blubber’.

> Eftir um vetrinn kom hvalr norðr á Strandir á land Hrafns,
> en sá maðr, er fann hvalinn, fór ok sagði Þorvaldi
> hvalkvámuna.

> Later, during the summer, a whale landed north on Strandir
> on Hrafn's land, and the man who discovered the whale went
> and told Thorvald about the strandings of whales.

> After during the-winter a whale came north to Strandir
> (’Strands’) onto [the] land of Hrafn, but (and) that
> person (man) who found the-whale, journeyed to Þorvaldr
> and said (related) the-whale-stranding (lit: coming, fem
> acc. sg).

Later during the winter a whale came north to Strandir
[‘Strands’] to Hrafn’s land, and the man who found the whale
travelled and reported the arrival of the whale to Þorvald.

> Þá gerði Þorvaldr þat ráð, at sá, er fundit hafði hvalinn,
> skyldi segja, at hvalrinn hefði komit á almenninga ok
> hefði hann þar fest lögfesti hvalinn.

> Then Thorvaldr made that plan to see where the whale had
> been found, he should say that the whale had landed on
> common-land, and he had there stipulated a lawful title to
> the whale.

> Then Þorvaldr made that plan, that that-one (ie, he, dem
> pron) who had found the-whale, should say, that the-whale
> had come onto public-land and he had there secured (festa,
> Z1) the-whale with a legal-mooring (lögfestr, CV, fem,
> jo-stem)

Then Þorvald made the plan that he who had found the whale
should say that the whale had come onto common land, and he
had there fastened the whale with a legal line.

GPH says that <lǫgfestr> presumably answers to the
definition in Grágás: <festr eigi ósterkri en reip þau tíu,
er tveggja manna afli haldi hvert> ‘a line not weaker than
ten ropes that would each hold the strength of two men’.
She adds that such securings could be cut from the whale
itself, and their ends were to be anchored by boulders or
timber.

> En þat gegndi engu.

> But that suited no one.

> But (And) that amounted to (gegna, Z4) nothing. (ie
> nothing came of that plan.)

But that meant nothing.

I.e., there was no foundation for that claim. This is also
how GPH understands it.

> Þá fór Þorvaldr til með sína menn ok lét skera hvalinn ok
> flutti heim til sín, en sumum hvalnum skipti hann með
> mönnum sínum.

> Then Thorvaldr went there with his men and had the whale
> carved and carried home for himself, and some of the whale
> he shared with his men.

> Then Þorvaldr journeyed to [it] with his people (men), and
> caused to flense the-whale and conveyed [it] home to his
> [place], but (and) he shared some whale with his people
> (men).

Then Þorvald arrived with his men and had the whale cut up
and carried [it] home with him, and he shared some of the
whale with his men.

> Nú er Hrafn spurði þetta, þá sendi hann menn suðr um land
> til fundar við Hall, lögsögumann, mág sinn, ok Þorvald,
> bróður hans, ok hafði ráð við þá, hversu hann skyldi þetta
> mál leiðrétta við Þorvald.

> Now when Hrafn learned this, then he sent men south across
> land to a meeting with Hall, his inlaw a lawyer, and his
> brother Thorvaldr, and he had a plan with them, how he
> should correct this case with Thorvaldr.

> Now when Hrafn got-wind of this, then he sent people (men)
> south across land to a meeting with (ie to see) Hallr,
> [the] law-speaker, his brother-in-law (ie husband of
> Hrafn’s sister Herdís), and Þorvaldr, his (ie Hallr’s)
> brother, and had (ie took) counsel (eiga ráð við e-n, Z1)
> with them, how he should rectify this matter with
> Þorvaldr.

Now when Hrafn learned of this, he sent men south across
country to have a talk with Hall, [the] lawspeaker, his
brother-in-law, and Þorvald, his [Hall’s] brother, and took
counsel with them, how he should put right this matter with
Þorvald.

> En þeim sýndist þat ráð, at Þorvaldr væri sóttr ok þeir
> menn, er tekit höfðu hvalinn, ok Hrafn byggi til mál á
> hendr þeim til Dýrafjarðarþings ok sækti þá þar at lögum.

> But to them it seemed that plan, that Thorvaldr and the
> men who had taken the whale would be prosecuted, and Hrafn
> prepared a case to the hands of the Dyrafjadr-assembly,
> and sought them there at the laws.

> But (And) that counsel (advice) seemed to them, that
> Þorvaldr should-be prosecuted (pp. of soekja, Z8), and
> those people (men), who had taken the-whale, and Hrafn
> should-prepare a case against (á hendr, Z) those for (ie
> to be prosecuted at) [the] assembly of Dýrafjörðr, and
> prosecute (soekja, Z8) them there according to law.

And it seemed to them advisable that Þorvald be prosecuted,
and those men who had taken the whale, and [that] Hrafn
prepare a case against them for the Dýrafjörð þing and
prosecute them there according to law.

> Sendimenn Hrafns kómu aftr til fundar við hann með þeim
> ráðum, sem þeir höfðu til lagt.

> Hrafn's messengers came back to a meeting with him with
> their plans, as they had contributed.

> (The] messengers of Hrafn  came back to a meeting with (ie
> to see) him with that counsel (advice), which they (ie
> Hallr and Þorvaldr) had put forward (proposed, suggested).

Hrafn’s messengers came back to speak with him with the
counsels that they had contributed.

> Um sumarit eftir bjó Hrafn mál til um hvaltökuna á hendr
> Þorvaldi ok þeim mönnum öllum, sem at hvalskurðinum höfðu
> verit ok neytt höfðu hvalinn.

> During the next summer, Hrafn prepared a case concerning
> the whale-taking at the hand's of Thorvaldr and all the
> men who had been at the whale-flensing and had consumed
> the whale.

> During the-summer-after Hrafn prepared [the] case
> concerning the-whale-taking against Þorvaldr and all those
> people (men), who had been at the-whale-flensing and had
> made-use-of the-whale.

The next summer Hrafn prepared a case for the stealing of
blubber against Þorvald and all those men who and been at
the whale flensing and had enjoyed use of the whale.

> Sturla hét maðr, sonr Bárðar Snorrasonar ok Þórdísar
> Sturludóttur.

> There was a man named Sturla, the son of Bardar Snorrason
> and Thorisar Sturludottur.

> [There] was a person (man) called Sturla, son of Bárðr
> Snorri’s-son, and Þórdís Sturla’s-daughter

There was a man called Sturla, son of Bárð Snorrason and
Þórdís Sturludóttir.

> Hann hafði mál á hendi.

> He had a hand in the case.

> He had a case in hand (whatever that means?).

He had a suit in hand.

GPH has <á hendr Þorvaldi> ‘a suit against Þorvald’, which
is clearer and in context probably how our version was
intended to be understood.

> Á því þingi varð Þorvaldr sekr ok níu menn aðrir, er at
> hvaltökunni höfðu verit.

> At the assembly, Thorvaldr and nine other men, who had
> been at the whale-taking, were convicted.

> At that assembly, Þorvaldr became condemned-to-outlawry
> and nine other persons (men), who had been at
> the-whale-taking.

At that þing Þorvald was sentenced to full outlawry along
with [‘and’] nine other men who had been at the stealing of
blubber.

> 17. Önnur atför Þorvalds við Hrafn.

> Thorvaldr's second attack against Hrafn.

> 17. Another ( A second) attack of Þorvaldr against Hrafn.

Þorvald’s second attack against Hrafn.

> Eftir um sumarit reið Þorvaldr til þings með fjölmenni.

> Later during the summer, Thorvaldr rode to the assembly
> with many people.

> After during the-summer Þorvaldr rode to [the] assembly
> with many-people.

Later in the summer Þorvald rode to [the] þing with many
people.

Here the Alþing is meant: that was where the outlawry had to
be proclaimed, as was done in this case by Sturla Bárðarson.

> Þat sumar fór Hrafn eigi til þings.

> That summer, Hrafn didn't go to the assembly.

> That summer Hrafn journeyed not to [the] assembly.

That summer Hrafn did not travel to [the] þing.

> Sturla Bárðarson fór til þings fyrir hönd Hrafns ok var í
> flokki Þórðar Sturlusonar ok sagði til sektar Þorvalds at
> Lögbergi ok þeira manna annarra, er sekir höfðu orðit um
> hvalmál.

> Sturla Bardarson went to the assembly on Hrafn's behalf
> and was in Thordar Sturluson's party and told of
> Thorvaldr's penalty at Logberg (Law-hill) and to (the)
> other men who had become guilty concerning the whale-case
> (whale-gate!).

> Sturla Bárðr’s-son journeyed to [the] assembly
> on-behalf-of Hrafn and was in [the] party of Þórðr
> Sturla’s-son and said (spoke) in respect of the guilt of
> Þorvaldr at [the] Law-rock and of those other persons
> (men), who had become (been) condemned-to-outlawry over
> [the] whale-case.

Sturla Bárðarson travelled to [the] þing on Hrafn’s behalf
and was in Þórð Sturluson’s party and at [the] Law Rock
reported [the] outlawry of Þorvald and the other men who had
been sentenced to full outlawry in the whale case.

> Þat sumar fór Hrafn norðr í Ísafjörð ok tók upp sektarfé
> fyrir þeim mönnum, er sekir höfðu orðit.

> That summer, Hrafn traveled north to Isafiord and seized
> the confiscated property of the men who had been fined.

> That summer Hrafn journeyed north to Ísafjörðr and chose
> (collected, identified, seized, lit: took up) [the]
> forfeited-goods-and-property for those persons (men), who
> had become (been) condemned-to-outlawry.

That summer Hrafn travelled north to Ísafjörð and seized the
confiscated property of the men who had been outlawed.

> Þá er Þorvaldr kom heim af þingí, safnaði hann mönnum um
> allan Ísafjörð ok fekk hundrað manna.

> When Thorvaldr came home from the assembly, he gathered
> men from all across Isafiord, and he got 100 men.

> When Þorvaldr came home (typo) from [the] assembly, he
> gathered people (men) across all Ísafjörðr, and got a
> hundred (of) persons (men)

When Þorvald came home from the þing, he gathered men from
all of Ísafjörð and got one hundred twenty men.

I corrected the apparent OCR error of <heirn> to <heim>.
<Hundrað> here is almost certainly the long hundred.

> Margir fóru nauðigir í þá för með Þorvaldi.

> Many went unwillingly in company with Thorvaldr. (similar
> to Z. för 1: vera í f. með e-m, to be in company with one)

> Many journeyed unwilling (nb: this is an adj rather than
> an adv) in that journey with Þorvaldr.

Many travelled reluctant[ly] in that journey with Þorvald.

> Kolbeinn hét fylgdarmaðr Þorvalds.

> A follower of Thorvaldr's was named Kolbeinn.

> A follower of Þorvaldr was-called Kolbeinn.

A follower of Þorvald’s was called Kolbein.

> Hann fór at sendingum þessum ok nökkurir menn með honum
> til fundar við þann mann, er Ámundi hét.

> As regards to these messages, he and several men with him
> traveled to a meeting with the man who was named Amundi.

> He journeyed by reason-of (?) these-messages (what
> messages?), and some persons (men) with him to a meeting
> with (ie to see) that person (man), who was-called Ámundi.

He travelled with these messages, and several men with him,
to meet with the man who was called Ámundi.

GPH has <at sendingum Þorvalds>, which I take to be ‘with
Þorvald’s messages’. This use of <at> is a bit odd but
isn’t completely unlike some others that I’ve seen.

Brian