--- In
cybalist@yahoogroups.com, "Torsten" wrote:
>
> *g^hés-r- 'hand'. [IEW 447 (*g^hesor-); Wat 22 (*ghesor-); GI 707
(*g^hes-r.-); Buck 4.23; BK 220 (*gasy-/*g&sy)]. Lat (from Osc-Umb) hi:r
'hollow of hand', Alb dorë (< *g^he:sr-ex-) 'hand', Grk kheír
'hand', Arm jern 'hand', Hit kissar 'hand', TochA tsar 'hand', TochB
s.ar 'hand' (Toch < *s´s.a:r-< **g^heser-). Archaic in morphology and
widespread; there is no doubt that we have here the original PIE word
for 'hand'.
>
> *g^hós-to-s 'hand'. [IEW 447 (*g^hesto-); GI 707 (*g^hes-tho-);
Buck 4.33; BK 220 (*gasy-/*g&sy)].
> Lat praesto: (< *prai-hesto:d) 'at hand',
> Lith pa-z^aste.~ ~ pa-z^astìs 'arm-pit',
> Av zasta- 'hand', OPers dasta- 'hand',
> OInd hásta- 'hand'.
> A derivative, of at least late PIE date, of the previous entry.
>
I'd suggest this *-to- is a fossilized distal demostrative 'that'.
> *méxr. (gen. *mx.nós) 'hand'. [IEW 740-741 (*m&-r); GI 707
(*mH.r-/n-(th)-); Buck 4.33].
> Lat manus 'hand', Umb manuv-e 'in the hand',
> ON mund 'hand',
> OE mund '(palm of the) hand, protection',
> OHG munt 'hand, protection, guardian' (Gmc < *mn.x-tó-),
> Alb marr (< *mar-n(y)e/o-) 'take, grasp',
> Grk máre: 'hand',
> Hit ma:niyahh- 'hand over'.
> Its exact shape is difficult to reconstruct (what is given here seems
to be the most likely possibility).
>
This is no wonder, as they've conflated several different words into a
single "PIE" root. I'd link Latin manus to Germanic *mund- and possibly
also to Celtic *manato- 'bundle' (not found in Matasovic´). This
appears to be a Paleo-European root whose m- arose from nasalization
*bVn- > *mVn-:
- Iberian e-ban- 'to set up' (debanen = Latin curavit in a bilingual
inscription), Basque eman 'to put, to place; to get used to; to dress'
- Hispano-Romance *mania > Spanish maña 'skill; trick; bad habit'
- Hispano-Romance *a-mani-a:re > Spanish amañar 'to fix; to rig, to
doctor; to concot', amañarse 'to manage (oneself)'
- Hispano-Romance *a-ppani- > Basque ap(h)ain 'elegant', ap(h)aindu 'to
prepare, to set; to ornate'
- Hispano-Romance *a-ppani-a:re > Spanish apañar 'to gather, to
collect; to take (by force); to attire; to dress, to garnish (food); to
fix, to repair; to manage to do something', apañarse 'to manage
(oneself)'
Note: Semantic drift is comparable to Latin e:lega:ns 'refined,
distinguished' from legere 'to gather, to pile up'.
- Uralic *pane 'to put, to place'
- Dravidian *pan´- 'to do; to work'
- Afrasian *bn- 'to build'
- Austric *?PUn 'to gather, to collect' > Austro-Asiatic *b?uan 'to
collect', Austronesian *Ri(m)bun 'heap, mound, assemble; to gather, to
collect', Thai *bu:n\A 'to pile up'