--- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, Bhrihskwobhloukstroy <bhrihstlobhrouzghdhroy@...> wrote:
>
> In Irene Balles' etymology they can be analyzed as related but different
> compounds:
> *h1sh2n-h1gw-n > sanguen
> *h1sh2n-h1gw-i-s > sanguis
>
> 1) Sanguis has both -i- and -i:- in the nominative, so the etymology
> does work for *-i-
> 2) Irene Balles text (Lateinische sanguis "Blut", in Compositiones
> Indogermanicae in memoriam Jochem Schindler. Herausgegeben von Heiner
> Eichner und Hans Christian uschützky unter redaktioneller Mitwirkung
> von Velizar Sadovski, S. 3-17) has precisely *-i-, so I had to report
> it correctly
> 3) In order to explain *-i-, a suffix *-in- would be a regular
> explanation, since its function is comparable with the one of both
> *-i- and *-n-.
>
> This is meant as contribution to the discussion
>
Like other people on this list, Balles follows the ortodox PIE model, so let me show you an alternative one.
IE
*H1esH2-ºr-/-º-n- '(flowing) blood' is a *reduplicated* root corresponding to Kartvelian
*zisx-l-/-r- 'blood' (see Gamkrelidze-Ivanov (1995): Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans). Apparently, the bare root
*seH2-n- is found in Latin
sa:nus 'healthy'.
This is an Eurasiatic root 'life, health; blood' also found in other language families:
Altaic
*sè:gù 'healthy; blood'
NEC
*ts´a:dK\wV 'blood; life'
IE
*jak- 'health, cure' (Greek
ákos, Celtic
*jakk-)
Thus Latin
sanguis 'blood' <
*sangu- (with a nasal infix) derives from a
-u- theme like Altaic and NEC, which is also reflected in Celtic
-kk- by Kilday's (DGK) Law, as in e.g.
sukko- 'pig' <
*suqu > IE
*suH-.
The palatal fricative
j- (usually written as
y- in the literature), typical in other Eastern words (which I think come from "Kurganic", i.e. the language(s) spoken by Kurgan people), corresponds to
s- in Paleo-IE, usually (but not in this case) resulting from palatalization. Compare these words:
Altaic
*tHákHì 'ceremony, sacrifice'
Paleo-IE
*sa(n)k- (Hittite
s^a:kl(a:)i- 'custom, rule; rite, ceremony', Latin
sanctus 'sacred',
sacer 'holy')
Kurganic
*jag^- 'to honour, to worship' (Greek
hágios 'holy', Sanskrit
yájati 'worships')
I'd link them to NEC
*=@qE 'to raise, to be high' (
= stands for a class prefix), whose semantic motivation is that victims were *raised* over the altar in sacrifices. Also 'to sanctify' means 'to be raised to the altar of the saints'.