Re: Octha or Ohta?

--- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, Piotr Gasiorowski <gpiotr@...> wrote:

>
> W dniu 2012-02-08 00:28, stlatos pisze:
>
> > I never said anything about these being caused by the same thing I used
> > in my examples. One possible reg. change is KYSV-front > KS etc. (w ana.
> > in *svekUrU). There was no kY in kosa (in Baltic: kast = rake, kasît =
> > scrape Lat; etc.)...
>
> This one is from a different root (*kes- 'comb, scrape'),

Though it makes little dif., they're from the same root; I don't know why'd you put 'rake, scrape' w 'comb' but not 'cut'. My expl. stands; compare it to other "roots" infl. by non-In-Ir l.:

khot.a- \ khod.a- \ khora-\ khola- = limping/lame S;
çot.ha- = lazy/idle / wicked/low / fool, çuth- = limp S;

> as in Slavic
> *c^esati 'comb', *kosa 'braided hair' (different from *kosa 'scythe'
> though homophonous with it), and *kosmU 'lock of hair'.
>
> As for *kotora/*kotera etc., some authors distinguish *kat- 'fight'
> (action) from *k^et- 'hate' (mental state). Melchert, for example,
> separates HLuw. kat- 'fight', Hitt. kattu- 'weapon' (Celt. *katu-, Gmc.
> *xaþu-/*xaðu-, Slav. *kotora, perhaps *kotiti 'overthrow') from Hitt.
> kadduwa:i 'become aggrieved', kattawatar 'enmity' (here Ved. s'átru-,
> Gk. kótos 'anger').

Dividing roots when the dif. is likely due to currently-unknown sound changes is wrong; it's how, for example, Buck put *taikna- w unknown/suffixed *digY- not *dikY-.

>
> I have no strong views about the 'hoof' etymon. Germanic *xo:faz points
> to *k(^)áh2p-o- or *k(^)óh2p-o-, Indo-Iranian to *k^VpH-ó- (with
> Olsen-style aspiration by a preceding h2),

It's not preceding; met. explains it, among others (vir L;); and Khow would have had p>pH>f if it were Indo-Iranian. Other words also have otherwise-unexpl. asp. in some forms (*pNWkWt.o+ \ -XWt.H- > -ktH-).


perhaps also *k^&2p-ó- (with

> a vocalised laryngeal and no aspiration). The Slavic word is strange.
> With an unproductive suffix

Khowar also has that suffix, which isn't unproductive, it's just dis. of k-k>t ( sapùk = hoof Kh; in which the falling tone on the (formerly) middle syl. means it was long).

> and a velar which fails to match the IIr.

The velar matches perfectly; it's the infl. of the met. "laryngeal" that causes the dif.

> cognates it could be a loanword, but I can't see a likely source
> language. *k^h2- hardly mends anything, since the normal reflex of
> *k(^)h2- in Slavic seems to be *x.

As I said, it's completely opt. if new kx > kHx , etc. (only kH>x in Slavic).

The same kind of opt. changes occur w ks.- and kx- (compare all Balto-Slavic words showing alt. sk / *ks>x , etc.): skór(o)don G; hurdhë \ hudhër (f) Al; *ks.ordyó+ > *xsorti+ > xstor -i- = garlic Ar; etc.


If you really want to start to take this seriously and learn about this, I guess I'll give the der.:


* kapxYú+ = having / grasping / hand

>> dim.

* kap-xYu-kó+ = finger(nail) / hoof


*
kap-xYu-kó+
kapH-xYu-kó+
kxYa-pHu-kó+
kxYa-pHu-kó+ kYxYa-pHu-kó+
ka-pHuxY-kó+ kYa-pHuxY-kó+
ka-pHuxY-t.ó+ kYa-pHuxY-t.ó+