Maybe we can compare Greek στόμα 'mouth' with Slavic
usta 'mouth' (Russ
уста; OSl
оуста, Lat.
ostium). It also may be related to the Slavic verb
stavit (Russ
ставить 'put';
вложить/ставить в уста 'put into the mouth'; SC
staviti u usta 'put into the mouth', Cz
po-stavit 'put'), which is probably derived from the noun
stolb 'pillar, shaft, stanchion' (Cz
oštěp 'shaft, spear', SC stub 'pillar, column', OIce
stöpull 'column, tower', Eng.
steeple, stave, Ger.
Stab). Also stopa (Russ
стопа, 'foot',
ступня 'foot, sole', SC
stupati 'step', Cz
stoupání 'climbing'. For instance, Serbo-Croatian
stablo 'tree, trunk' (probably the source of
stolb) is undoubtedly related to
stopalo 'foot' and to the verb
staviti 'put' (cf. Eng.
put and
foot). SC
ostava 'pantry, store' (from
staviti, ostaviti 'deposit, store'; Skt
sthāman 'place').The word
stomach (SC
stomak 'abdomen, belly', probably from Greek στόμᾰχος) may represent the above-mentioned
store or
pantry (SC
ostava), from PIE *sta- and, possible, from the Ur-form
*hobl-(h)-na (PSlav
*оbьlъ; Russ
обл, Cz oblý, LSorb
hobli 'roundish, orbed',
клапан 'piston', SC
klip 'cob, dowel, piston, pivot', Ger Kolben).
Of course, there are the other Slavic words which could additionally corroborate the above assumption. For example, Russian
есть means 'eat', 'there is' in sense of existence/essence (cf. Russ
истина 'truth'), and 'all right, yes' - and that doesn't seem to be coincidental.
Latin
templum also may be related to
stablo,
stem and even
table (now we can suppose that
table is related to Slavic
stol 'table'; from
*stobl-).
On the other hand, Latin
amplus 'large, spacious' is a clear-cut cognate of PSlavic
*obilъ (Russ
обилие 'abundance, plenty', SC
obilje 'abundance, plenitude'.
Greek κλιμακίς 'stair', καυλός 'stem' (cf. στέλεχος 'trunk, log') appeared to be related to the above Russian
клапан (Ger Kolben) in the same way as stablo 'stem' (Russ
стебель 'stalk, stem'; PSlav *stьblь-;
Gr στυλοβάτης 'base of a
column', κᾰλᾰμη 'stalk').
Finally, if we consider carefully what Vasmer rote about the word
лепить we may possibly be able to enter into the area of much dipper "perspective" of semantic and metonymical changes during the long-lasting development of IE languages.
To: cybalist@yahoogroups.com
From: dgkilday57@...
Date: Fri, 16 Apr 2010 21:14:11 +0000
Subject: Res: [tied] Re: Latin tempus
--- In cybalist@... s.com, "Joao S. Lopes" <josimo70@.. .> wrote:
>
> Did *tempos replace an older *temHos ? What's the explanation for the -p- in templus and amplus?
I see no replacement here. If Greek <temakhos> 'slice of salted fish' belongs with this root, the extension could be either *tem-h2- or *tem-n- (cf. <stomakhos>, <stoma> from *stom-n-). Sanskrit <tamisra:-> shows that the second vowel of Latin <tenebrae> represents a laryngeal, thus probably *temh2-sreh2- , originally 'division between day and night, twilight', hence 'gloom, darkness, blindness, rashness' etc.
Latin <templum> originally signified 'bounded space', ritually cut out of its surroundings for augurial observations (as in the passage from Varro which I cited in my recent post on <arbiter>). It thus appears to be a simple passive noun *temp-lom 'that which is, or should be, cut out' vel sim.
I have no convincing etymology of <amplus>. If it is borrowed from P-Italic, perhaps it meant 'unfilled, unfillable', hence 'immense', by semantic devaluation simply 'large, wide'. The negative prefix is illustrated by Oscan <amprufid> 'improperly' = Lat. <improbe:>, <ancensto> f. sg. 'uncounted in the census' = Lat. <incensa>, Umbrian <anhostatu> acc. m. pl. 'unequipped with spears' i.e. 'civilians' = Lat. <inhasta:to: s>, <ans'ihitu> 'ungirded (with official regalia)' = Lat. <incincto:s> . Buck (OUG sec. 98) regards it as a generalization of the prevocalic negative *n.n- (Greek an-, Sanskrit an-).
Probably <ampla> 'handle of a shield or vessel' is unrelated. If this is from P-Italic, it could represent earlier *am(p)tla: from Italic *m.-tla: 'implement for grasping, handle'; the corresponding verb is Lat. <emere>, which occurs in Umbrian as <emantur> 3pl. pres. subj. pass. '(whether) they should be accepted'.
DGK
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