Re: Nordwestblock, Germani, and Grimm's law

From: Torsten
Message: 65761
Date: 2010-01-27

--- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, "Brian M. Scott" <BMScott@...> wrote:
>
> At 5:50:43 AM on Tuesday, January 26, 2010, Torsten wrote:
>
> > --- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, johnvertical@ wrote:
>
> [...]
>
> >>> The direction "side" > "limb" is shown in the metaphor
> >>> "wing" used in an attacking army (cf. Latin 'ala',
> >>> German 'Flügel').
>
> >> That's still "limb" > "side" too. "Wing" originally means
> >> "limb" and its meaning is extended to the side of an
> >> army.
>
> > 'Wing' has the most diverse explanation in DEO, de Vries
> > and Skeat.
>
> Whatever the etymology of the word, you still haven't given
> an example of 'side' > 'limb'.

But the sense I derive it from is not just "side", but "a body (of people) on the side", and seeing society (= its army) in the image of a body with organs is pretty common, cf.
Karin Friederich, The Other Prussia,
p. 55
'One of the most widely read tracts of the seventeenth century, which stressed the exclusivity of noble-Sarmatian citizenship, was the anonymous 1671 eulogy of the Commonwealth, Domina Palatii - Regina Libertas. It described the king as the head, the senators as the teeth, the szlachta as the main body with the free vote at its heart, and the commoners as legs and feet, on which the body stands.'
p. 64
'Unlike in the Empire, the Polish king was not the sole authority over the city: using a typical Renaissance metaphor, Curicke described the city as part of the larger body of the republic, with all its members.'


> (The sources readily available to me all derive it, if at all, from
> *h2weh1- 'to blow'.)

So does de Vries, I discover after looking first in the wrong place
'vængi n. 'kajute' (poet.), nschw. da. vinge 'flügel'.
— Zu vængr m. 'flügel, fittich, ausbau am hause',
(< urn. *wa:ingja),
nisl. vængur, far. vongur,
nnorw. veng 'flugel, kajute', dial. auch 'ausbau',
— > me. weng, wing, ne wing (Bjorkman 225); >
lpN. væn,n,ga 'kajute' (Qvigstad 353).
— Zur idg. wzl *we: 'wehen', vgl. vindr I,'
Skeat has
'Lit. "wagger" or flapper; nasalised form from the base WIG, as in Got. gawigan, to shake (pt.t. gawag). Allied to Wag'

I'm not impressed by the "blow" etymology, and I suspect you aren't either. Obviously the "on the side" sense was there from the beginning in ON (cf. the "cabin" sense).


>
> >> Try again.
>
> > I could arraign such forms as
> > Dutch rechter-, linkerkant "right, left side"
> > rechter-, linkerhand "right, left hand"
> > Swedish högern "right wing/hand", vänstern "left
> > wing/hand"
>
> To what end? None of them shows 'side' > 'limb'.

See above.

> [...]
>
> > The basic distinction in military disciple, as manifested
> > in the command language of parades is between being
> > directly subordinated to the will of a superior, and being
> > "on your own time" (within limits, of course). The
> > mode-changing commands are 'Attention' and 'At ease'. For
> > an army, getting through the landscape in a single file is
> > done on your own time, so to speak, like the legions of
> > Varus did at Kalkriese. Calling that formation, or rather
> > non-formation "an arrangement of soldiers" is therefore
> > misleading. It is, if anything, a lack of arrangement.
>
> I think that you'll have a hard time persuading anyone who's
> actually served.

I did.


> >> Basic vocabulary does not tend to come from sophisticated
> >> cultural concepts.
>
> > That is generally assumed, and I think that's wrong.
> > Vocabularies abound with words having suffered a
> > sociological deroute.
>
> >> Your assumed developments are on the same level as
> >> /kokakola/ ending up as "red".
>
> > A better example is "dirty white"
> > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabelline_%28colour%29
> > from "Isabella"
> > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella_I_of_Castile
>
> The second URL is irrelevant:

Please remove it from the text at the first URL then.

> all that we actually know is
> that the color term is from the feminine name. The example
> itself is irrelevant: the color term in question is hardly
> basic vocabulary, and a personal name is not an example of a
> sophisticated cultural concept.

I was trying to match John's example. Will 'purple'
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple
meet your standards?

> >> I don't see you even trying to explain there how a single
> >> *L could yield all of *g *gl *dVl *d *l etc.
>
> > I assume you already know that the /L/ is meant to denote
> > an unvoiced /l/. That's a rather rare phoneme, and tends
> > to get substituted with exactly those combination when
> > words containing it are loaned. Eg. the Welsh placename
> > Llanberis is rendered in English as /klanberis/,
> > /hlanberis/ or /lanberis/.
>
> After simple <l(l)>, the most common English attempts to
> represent the Welsh sound are probably <fl> and <thl>. The
> <Fl> forms have given rise to well-known English surnames,
> <Flewelling> (and variants) and <Floyd> (ditto), from
> <Llywelyn> and <Llwyd>, respectively.

Thank you for providing further examples of the rendition in English of that Welsh sound.

> > The Spanish chose the digraph -tl- to represent Nahuatl
> > /L/.
>
> No, they used <tl> to represent the Nahuatl voiceless
> lateral *affricate*, [tL]; Nahuatl [L] is an allophone of
> /l/ and was represented by <l>.

Okay. I can only guess anyway at the nature of the /L/ I reconstruct in *Lun,-


Torsten