--- In
cybalist@yahoogroups.com, "tgpedersen" <tgpedersen@...> wrote:
>
> The following is yet another of Torsten's horribly long postings.
> I'm afraid I can't do it any other way, the correspondences are not
> point-to-point semantic matches, but field-to-field, so to speak, I
> discovered that some old root *san,W- "public verdict" seems to lie
> behind Northern IE and Jeniseian and perhaps Uralic perception of
> what is right and true.
The question is to which side this this *san,W- "investigation, rite, journey" has relatives, east to China or south to the Afro-Asiatic languages
East:
Tsung-tung Chang, "Indo-European Vocabulary in Old Chinese"
Pokorny 877 sa:g "follow a trace" ,
Old Chinese. såk,
Middle Chinese sak/31 I,
Early Mandarin sau,
Mandarin suo3/suo3
Pokorny 898 sikW "see; sight",
Old Chinese zi&g,
Middle Chinese zjei/6 III,
Early Mandarin s^ï4,
Mandarin s,ï4
Pokorny 907 songWH "voice, song",
Old Chinese sån,,
Middle Chinese c,jan,,
Early Mandarin s^i&n,,
Mandarin s,&n,1 / sheng1
South:
Møller, Vergleichendes indogermanisch-semitisches Wörterbuch
1 sa:-, reduz. sa-, 'satt (sein)' (< voridg. s-A.-),
gr. á:menai, Aor. a~sai 'sättigen', Part. in á-atos 'unersättlich';
+ d- : t- (< voridg. D.- : d-)
gr. háde:n 'sattsam, zur Genüge' :
idg. sa:t- in got. saþs an. saðr as. sad ahd. sat 'satt', lat. satis, satur, got. gaso:þjan 'sättigen', lit. só:tinti dass., so:tùs 'sättigend';
+ w- idg. *sa:w-, reduz. su:- in Part. abulg. sy:tU 'satt';
= semit.-hamit. *s-A-,
+ y- ägypt. s1-A-y 'satt sein (werden)' (> kopt. sei).
Semit. + b- (= idg. sa:p- ? s. d.)
arab. intr. sa`iba (und sa`aba, Inf. sa`abun) 'potu satiatus est, he was satisfied with drinking of wine or beverage',
mi-s`abun 'who drinks much water';
+ d- (= idg. sa:t- : sa:d- ?) der Bedeutung nach mehr = idg. sa:p-, s. d.), arab. sa`ida (Inf. sa`adun) 'bibit (aquam)';
+ r- arab. trans. sa`ara 'residuum reliquit (aliquid cibi aut potus), (al-`iblu coll. the camels) left some water remaining (in the trough)',
intr. sa`ira 'it hecame left as a residue',
IV 'residuum reliquit (cibum potumve)',
su`run 'pars reliqua (cibi aut potus)',
altaram. s^`r 'Rest', hebr. Hiph. neuhebr. Pi. jüd.-aram. Pa. > (überhaupt) 'übrig lassen'. SI. 236. 278 f.
2*sa:- 'spuren, suchen' (< voridg. s-H.-),
+ g- (< voridg. G.-) oder g^-(< G^.) westeurop. sag- 1),
lat. sa:gio 'spüre, wittre',
sa:gus 'spurend, wahrnehmend, wahrsagend, zauberisch',
sa:ga 'Wahrsagerin',
sagax 'spürend, scharfsinnig',
ahd. suohhan got. so:kjan an. sø:kja 'suchen',
air. saigim 'suche',
= semit. *s-H.-,
+ r-
hebr. s^-H.-r- Pi. 'suchen',
Part. s^o:He:r, jüd.-aram. s^a:Har 'suchend',
arab. saH.ara 'he enchanted or fascinated', siH.run 'omnis res cujus locus capiendi tenuis et subtilis est, witch-craft, sorcery, skilful eloquence',
saH.H.a:run 'Zauberer', sa:H.irun dass.. und 'knowing, skilful, intelligent',
Tigre sæH.re 'ensorceler'. SI. 308.
3sa:- (< voridg. s-H.-) im n-Partizipium lat. sa:nus 'gesund, heil'
: semit. s.-H.- 2),
einfach redupl. s.-H.-H.-,
arab. saH.H.a 'he was (became) healthy or sound', II Kaus. 'he rendered (-hu him) sound',
s.iH.H.atun 'health, soundness of body',
s.aH.a:Hun, s.aH.i:H.un 'healthy, sound' (verschieden von s.-H.-H.- 'clarum esse' mit s. < vorsemit. K.^).
*2s-g- (< voridg. trans. Y.asáG.- ?) in
ags. sacu an. so,k as. saka ahd. sahha 'Rechtsstreit, Sache', got. etc. sakan 'streiten', ags. sacan 'gerichtlichen Anspruch auf etw. erheben', an. saka 'anklagen',
= semit. Y.-s-k.- (k. < ursemit. G.)?
Syr. 3es^ak. 'incusavit, calumniatus est, oppressit', Pa. 'accusavit, oppressit', Ethpe. 'accusatus est',
sus^(s^)åk.å: 'calumnia, oppressio' (verschieden vom vorigen Y.-s-k.- unter 1s-g-),
hebr. 3a:s^ak. 'ungerecht, gewalttätig behandeln',
jüd.-aram. 3as^ak. 'übervorteilen, bedrücken',
hebr. 3as^uk.im 'Erpressungen',
arab. Y.asak.un 'injustitia'.
1*s-m- 'sentire (> riechen, schmecken?)' (< voridg. s-m-), +
t- (< voridg. d-) lat. senti:re (ital. senti:re franz. sentir > 'riechen');
+ l- me. smellen ne. smell 'olfacere, olere';
+ Y.- idg. *smo:-, reduz. sma-, s. d.
= semit. *s-m-, + Y.- 'hören', s. sma-.
Ägypt. mit Infix s1-d2m (= so:dm > kopt. so:tm) 'hören' < *s1-m-d2 = *s-m- + d2 (< K^.). SI. 236.
*sma-, Reduktion von *smo:- (< voridg. trans. samáY.- = 1 s-m- 'sentire', s. d., + Y.-),
+ g- ahd. smahhe:n mhd. smachen 'schmecken, riechen',
+ n- ahd. smecchen mhd. smecken (kk < kn) 'Geschmack empfinden, riechen', nhd. schmecken im Obd. auch noch 'riechen' bedeutend;
= gemeinsemit. s-m-Y.- (*s-m- + Y.-) 'hören'. SI. 236. 336.
Orël & Stol'bova:
Hamito-Semitic Etymological Dictionary
2155 *sabV`-/*sabVy- "sin, lie"
Eg sby "rebellion" (MK).
WCh *sab.- < *sabV`- "sin" 1, "evil" 2, "lie" 3:
Hs sa:b.o: l, Tng sab.yo 2, Pero c^aba 3.
Suffix *-VH-? EEC *sob- "lie" (v.): Or soba.
Secondary *-o- before a labial.
Consonantal alternation *-`- ~ *-y-.
2195 *san-/*sun- "be satisfied"
Sem *s^VnVy- "be satisfied": Arab sny.
WCh *san-H- "be glad": Sura sag.
CCh *sVn- "wish": Lame s&na.
Omot *s^un- "love": Yam s^un-, Kaf s^un-, Anf s^un-, Bwo s^un-, Mch s^unn-, Gim s^un-.
Alternation *a ~ *u.
2198 *saniH-/*siniH- "know, remember"
Berb *sin- "know": Izy isin.
WCh *saniH-/*siniH- "know": Hs sani, s^ina, Wrj s&n, Kry s&n, Diri c^&n, Miya s&n, Paa sin&, Cagu s&n, Siri s&niwi, Mbu sin, Jmb s&n, Say yis&n,, Fyer s^an,, Bks s^an,i, Sha syen, Kir syen.
CCh *san-H-/*sin-H- "know" 1, "remember" 2: Hwn s&n 1, Mrg sini 2, Hil sini l, Gis san, sin 1, Bld s^in, 1, Log s&n 1, Bud hin 1.
ECh *sin- "know": Ndam asine, Mobu as&ne.
LEC *seHen- "memory": Or seenaa.
Metathesis. LEC goes back to *saHin- with assimilation of vowels.
Alternation *a ~ *i. Related to *sun- "know".
2199 *san-sun- "smell" (v.)
Eg snsn "breathe, smell" (MK).
WCh *san-sun- "smell": Hs sunsuna:, sansana:, Paa sasun.
Reduplication of *sin- "smell".
2244 *sim- "call, speak"
Sem *s^VmVw-/*s^VmVy- "call, give name": Arab smw, smy [-u-], Hss he:m, Mhr hmo:, Shh s^mi.
Based on *s^Vm-. Berb *sVm- "call, name" (v.): Kby s&mmi.
Eg smy "tell" (n).
Infinitive in -y.
CCh *syam-sim- "whisper": Bid se:sem, Mig semsimo.
An onomatopeia?
LEC *sim- "welcome" (v.): Or sima.
2245 *sim-/*sima´- "hear; ear"
Sem *s^Vma´- "hear" Akk s^emû, Ug s^m´, Hbr s^m´, Aram (Syr) s^m´, Arab sm´ [-a-], SAr s´m´, Mand s^ma, Gz sm´, Tgr sam´a, Tgy sa.m´e, Har sama`a, Amh samma, Arg samma, Gaf samma, Gur sama, Hss ho:ma, Mhr he:ma, Shh s^i´, Soq hyema´-.
Eg sm.t "ears" (n).
CCh *s~im- "ear": Tera z^im, Bura s~im-, Chb s~&ma, Klb hïmï, Hil ximï, Mba s~umo, HB s~&m&, Hwn s~&mæ, FKi s~ïmu, FG s^ïmwu, Kap s~ïmoy, Mnd x^ima, Zgh s^ïme, Glv ximïye, Gdf x^ima, Nak s~imiya, Mofu s~umay, Bld s^&may, Muk s~um, Mnj s^imay, Daba z^ïmi, Gudu s~im, Log s~im, Kus s~me:, Msg x^ïme:.
Irregular *s~-, hypothetically, continuing *H-s-. Several forms may reflect *s~ïmay- < *s~ïmaH-.
ECh *sïm-/*sum- "ear": Smr sumï, Tum hi:m, Ndam ham, Nch semang, Lele suma, Gbr suma-ïn, Kbl samï, Dor sumami, Mubi soma:mu.
Partial reduplication in Dor and Mubi. Forms with -u- are secondary. The ECh word is contaminated with *sVm- "name" < HS *sum-, cf. full neutralization of these meanings in Ndam ham "name, ear" and the like.
2251 *sin- "smell" (v.)
Eg "smell" (pyr).
ECh *sunVn- "smell": Tum hun&n.
Partial reduplication with modified vocalism. SA *sïn- "smell": Saho sïïn-.
Related to *san-/*sïn- "nose"
2294 *sun- "know"
Eg sum "know" (1), Copt *sow(u)n: Boh so:oun, Shd sooun.
Berb *sVn- "know": Tua essen, Sgh -ss&n, Kby issin.
CCh *sun- "know": Daba sun-.
2295 *sunah.- "know, imagine"
Sem *s^Vnah.- "appear in somebody's mind": Arab snh. [-a-].
ECh *sullan- "know": Turn han, Mkk suun-.
Metathesis.
Derived from *sun- "know".
2304 *süm- "name"
Sem *s^im- "name": Akk s^umu, Ug s^m, Hbr se:m, Aram (Syr) s^emo:, Arab (dial.) sim-, SAr s1m, Shr s^um, Gz s&m, Tgr s&m, Tgy s&m, Amh s&m, Arg s&m, Gur s&m, Gaf s&mwä.
WCh *sumi- "name": Hs su:na:, Sura sum, Ang süm, Mnt sum, Ank sum, Grk t&m, Bol sun, Krk s&m, Tng sum&, Ngm sun, Maha sum, Bele hin-ti, Krf s^imi, Gera s&ma, Glm s^im, Grm s^imi, Diri s^in, Paa sim, sun, Cagu siman, Mbu s^in, Pol sum, s&m, Geji s^in, Brw s^im, s^in, Bgh isum, Kir wusum, wus&m, Tala sum, s&m, Klr sim, DB sum.
CCh *s~im(ya)- "name": Tera lim, Gaa s~ima, Gbn s^ima, Hwn s^im&, Chb s~ima, Mig s^im, Mba s~im, FKi s~&m, Daba z^imi, Gude l&ma, Gudu lim, FJ z^imu, Log s~emi, Bud hæmi, LPe s^em-d.e, Masa s^ema, Msm sem.
Irregular lateral resulting from the contamination with the word for "ear".
TP: But if the name of a person or thing is the secret which enables us to understand and control the person or thing, then it is equivalent to the verdict on a subject: truth found out and revealed, and 'contamination' doesn't enter into the picture.
Torsten