--- In
cybalist@yahoogroups.com, "Arnaud Fournet" <fournet.arnaud@...>
wrote:
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "stlatos" <stlatos@...>
> >> And should this not be better constructed as *dleuk-o-sH2alyo- ?
> >>
> >> Arnaud
> >>
> > No, why would a u-stem (G glukus) have a compound form with -o? It
> > was *dLeukusxaLyo- with u-u > u within a word of at least 3 syllables
> > as in many IE languages.
> ==========
> ??
> Could you please document this ?
> Arnaud
> ============
In many IE languages (including Greek, Indo-Iranian, and Celtic) words
with short u in two touching syllables, the second u>0. This applied
to words of 3 syllables or more but sometimes by analogy a nom. was
affected). Apparently this is a regular rule, similar to Exon's Law in
Latin, followed by rules simplifying the resulting clusters, also
somewhat sim. to secondary Latin rules.
*dLeukusxaLyo- > *deukuhaLyo- > Deukalion
*LugYsnú+[] > *LugYsn+ > *LungYs+ > lugx 'lynx', Arm *lus^nu- > lusanu-
*knukós knuk+ 'nut'
*kartú+s > *k(a)rtús 'strong, hard'
*kartú+knúks > *kartuknuko+ > *karu0_ko+ > Skt karaka- 'coconut', G
káruon 'nut', Drav *karnWuko+ > *kramuka+ 'areca nut'
*suyú+s sunYw+ 'son'
*suyu+sunYú+s 'son's son' > *huyuhunYús > *huyuhnús (u- > o-stem)>
huio:nós 'grandson'
*kYóru 'extension, limb, head, top'
*d.óru 'wood > tree'
*d.(e)run.ó+s 'wooden'
*kYórud.run.ó+ 'tree limb' dis>
*kYórud.un.ó+ > *kórud_no+ > korúne: 'club'
but when uC>u: there's no u-u:>_
*kYórud.run.Ló+ (dim.) >
*kYórud.ru:Ló+ > korúdu:lis 'cudgel, club'
*d.óru+sèdó+ > *d.(e)rusdó+ 'tree-sitting, thrush'
*kYórud.rusdó+ 'crested perching bird' dis>
*kYórud.usdó+ > *kórud_zdo+ > kórudos 'crested lark'
*bhuxwó+ 'being (at)' > huper-phué:s
*kYóru+bhuxwó+ 'being (at) the top' > koruphé: 'top, peak'
*tumYLó+s 'mound' > túmbos
*kYóru+tumYLó+s 'hill-top' > *kYórutumbos > kórumbos
*fkuudh+ 'covering' > *kuth+
*kYóru+kuth+ 'head-covering' > kóruth- kórus 'helmet'
*mónYmó+ > *mónYwó+ > *mónYyó+ 'neck (ridge)'
*mónYwó+kó+s > *mónYukó+s 'necklace'
*kYóru+mónYukó+s > *kYórumnYukó+s > *kYórumnYuká+s > *kYórumn_ka+s >
korumna
*pYug+ 'hit (with fist)' >
púkte:s 'boxer'
*kYóru+púkte:s > korupte:s 'head-butter'
*Nù 'down (onto)'
*Nèu+ Nu+[tone] 'bend down, nod' > neúo:
*kYóru+Nu+ >
korungein 'to butt with horns (as a bull)'
koruge:s '*charger > herald, messenger'
*kèub+ kub+[tone] 'bend (down, forward)'
*+yè > kúpto: 'stoop' in Greek
*+àx > cuba:re 'recline' in Latin
*kYóru+kèub+àx+ónt+ > *kYórukubaxánt+ >
Korubant- '*bowing the head > Priest of Cybele'
The C-deletion mentioned above occurs at the level of consonants
(vowels on a separate level) so not only consonants touching on the
surface level are deleted.
-u-u- > -u-_-
-u-u- > -u-_-
when u > _, from end to start:
stop>0/CC_[only two sonorants]
CC>0 / C_C
CC>0 / _C
C>0 / C_C then delete C slots (0)
stop>0/_C[not -dental then dental stops]
then delete C and V slots (0, _)
For example:
*suyusunYùs
*huyuhunús
*huyuh_nús u-u > u-_
*huyuhnús delete slot
*huyohnós u- > o-stem
*huyo:nós
*kartú+knúks
*kartuknuks
*kartuknuko+ C- > o-stem
*kartukn_ko+ u-u > u-_
*kartu0_ko+ CC>0 / C_C
*kartu0_ko+ CC>0 / _C (1)
*kartu_ko+ delete slot
*kar0u_ko+ stop>0/_C
*karu_ko+ delete slot
*karuko+ delete slot
*karuo+ k-k dissim. (later)
1 CC>0 / _C doesn't apply here because the following C>0 earlier
which hasn't been deleted yet; it's rt-0 not rt-C at this time.