> > > In Joz^ef S^avli/Matej Bor: Unsere Vorfahren die Veneter
> > > (review of the English translation here:
> > > http://tinyurl.com/6jn43n )
Here are the alleged Breton - Slovenian correspondent words (pp.
339-343, translated
It is of course interesting which of the words are only Breton and
Slovenian and which are generally Celtic and Slavic, respectively.
Comments are appreciated.
'mennout pron. menut) penser, vouloir; Slov. meniti, dial. ment.
Both senses (penser, vouloir) correspond to the Slovenian meniti.
meneg mention; Slov. omemba (mention), even clearer the noun omenek
(the mentioned). But in Pleters^nik we also find the word menek (the
meaning), which is equal to the Breton one on every respect.
yar poule; Slov. kokos^, but alsojara jarica (young hen); generally
Slavic.
iskriv etonnant; Slov. c^udovit, which is the same as also iskriv,
isker, iskrec^.
c'hoantaat désirer; Slov.dial. kvantat.
c'hoant, m. désir, envie; Slov. posz^elenje (desire), related to
hòt, hòta pohotnost (desire) (Plet.).
fretenn f. cercle de fer; Slov. sz^elezni obroc^, but also vreteno,
dial. vreten, eg. vrtalno vreteno (drill spindle).
venaat s'affaiblir; Slov. oslabiti and veneti (dial. venet).
marc'h chevall; Slov. konj and mrha (marha, Plet.).
donaat (s')approfondir; Slov. poglobiti, but don dno (bottom,
ground), Old Slav. dUno; dniti den Boden einsetzen(?) (Plet.); Lith.
dunet.
skasek qui marche gauchement; sby who walks clumsily, thus identical
with the Slov. skazek. Also the Frankish word skakkja might be the
same as the Slov. skaza (disfigurement), from the Old Slav. kaziti.
tec'h fuite; Slov. beg and tek.
yac'h sain; Slov. zdrav and jak
yac'hat guerir; Slov. ozdraviti and jac^ati (jac^at).
motet rendu inconscient; Slov. omotic^en, omoten, from motiti.
pegat lutte; the struggle; Slov. boj and pehanje (von pehati, dial.
pehat; eine ähnliche Form wie divjad, jekad).
mouez humid; Slov. vlasz^en and (pre)moc^en.
hiraat (s')allonger; Slov. hirati (hirat) (dragging out, of a
disease). Hir = consumption (Plet.).
rozellat ramasser avec le rouable; rattle, clank, Slov. rosz^-Ijati
(rosz^ljat) z orosz^jem, denarjem.
ozhac'h homme marié ayant des entfants; the father, Slov. oc^ak, old
man.
palich m. bâton pour abattre des fruits; staff, Slov. palica, also
palika (Plet.).
palichat abattre a l'aide d'un bâton; beat with a stick, Slov.
palic^at(i) (Plet.).
abafaat rendre ou devenir timide; fear, be fearful; Slov.
prestras^iti and obavat(i) se (Plet.). From that the adjective abaf
timide; Slov. noun obava (fear) (Plet.). From that probably the
well-known bau-bau (smt. which causes fear). Does the well-known
bogeyman Baw-Baw and Buhmann come from this?
abretaat avancer; prosper, Slov. napredovati, pridobivati; Russ.
obretat (pron. abretatI); Old Slav. obrêtati (iterative of obresti).
The root is rêt-, from which numerous Balto-Slavic words are derived,
as eg. obrest, obresti, srec^ati (Bulg. sretnja) etc. It is
interesting, that this word also exists in the Slov. Rezian dialect:
obrietla (she has found, obtained. See Logar, Slowenische Dialekte.)
That abretaat might correspond to the French apprêter (prepare), is
not very probable, since the Breton abretaat and the Old Slav.
obrêtati (Russ. phon. abretatI) are much closer wrt form and meaning.
BTW one should be careful with French, Celtic, but also German,
Anglosaxon and Italian words. For in many of those is a Venetic
substrat, which has leaked in either directly or through the Gallic or
Frankish. The etymology of such words is usually called unknown or
uncertain, since nobody has thought of a Venetic origin.
maritell tracas, souci; worry; Slov. skrb, môra and moritelj
for morilec (Plet.), in the dial. pronounciation maritel.
yez langue; language; Slov. jez-ik. From the Proto-Slavic root jezy-
has arisen jezykI, as with kamy kamikI. In the Breton yez has
stayed. Interestingly Vasmer does not mention Bret. yez as a parallel
to jezykI.
youc'h cri; exclamation, plainte; cry; Slov. juhu, juhejsati,
juhniti (Plet.).
marvet mourir; die; Slov. umreti, mrleti. The adj. marv is Slov. mrtev.
mar, adv. tellement, si; Slov. tako and mar with similar meaning,
eg. mar ni tako?
mar, noun doute, incertitude; Slov. mar concern, worry (Plet.) and
nemar indifference, carelessness.
kern f. cime, sommet; Slov. krn (montain peak, rocky peak). Beside
this sense we have in Slovenian also an explanation for this word (Old
Slavic krInI) in the veb krniti, okrniti, whence the adjective krn,
okrnjen (maimed, cut off). Also the Celtic kern was likely a cut-off
peak, since druid temples were there. But trying to explain the
Slovenian krn with Celtic influencemakes no sense, since the word is
general Slavic. The Russ. kornatI means shorten, also maim. Slov.
krnit(i).
ragellat bavarder; babble; Slov. regljati, dial. reglet, eg. babe
regljajo (the old women babble).
bistro, adj. (lait) qui file; milk (flowing). The word is very
interesting, since the Slov. bister bistra bistro (Old Slavic
bystrU) at the same time means fast, lively, agile and also clear.
"The idea of being rapid is also connected with the idea of clearness"
(Plet.). Eg. bistra voda (flowing and clear water). Both meaning
nuances exist in Russian. Wrt. to the Breton bistro the French Etym.
Dictionary notes: "mot obscur". If we explain it on the basis of the
Slavic and Slovenian vocabulary, bistro is no lnger an obscure word,
but quite clear: bistro is die desk, where clear, original (bistro)
milk and later wein was served.
pellaat v. (s')éloigner; remove oneself; Slov. peljati, (od)peljati
se, Slov. dial. pelat. This word is outside Slovenian only known in
Slovak and Serbocroat. The root is perhaps in Bret. pell loin (far)
or in Gall. peal (horse). Cf. Greek pelo (move).
peurc'horet très chaud, brûlant; very hot, burning, cf. the
Slovenian pregoreti, burn through.
nak m. refus; no; Slov. nak.
nakaat v. refuser; refuse; Slov. nikati (Plet.); zanikati (deny);
nakat as verb is not known in Slovenian, but would be completely in
the style of the language.
hud m. magie. Cf. Slovenian húda, evil n., from hud (evil)
and numerous derivatives, as hudina (evil n.), hudic^ (devil),
hudoba (evil deed) etc. The noun hud probably also once existed in
Slovenian, similarly as c^ud (nature, being). Generally Slavic.
huderezh hurlement; Slov. tuljenje, rjovenje, cf. the Slov.
hudorec^i (curse, scold), (Plet.).
hudour m. magicien; Slov. hudir (devil).
venaat (s')affaiblir; weaken; Slov. venet(i), also venot(i)
(Mikl.), Old Slav. vena,ti (veno,ti).
skarsaat diminuer, raccourcir; shrink; Slov. skrc^iti (se),
dial. skarc^it. Krc^iti is general Slavic.
skarn décharné; meager, skinny; Slov. shujs^an, Carinthian Slov.
skuren. Plet. mentions the meaning horrible, despicable. Cf. skurne
s^torije (Messner). That it is no Celtic loan, proves the Russ.
skvernyj (bad, digusting, indecent). According to Mahek, as Vasmer
recounts, one might connect this word with the Slov. and Serbo-Croat.
kvariti (damage, destroy) and kvar (damage n.).
sed voici; hier; arch. Slov. sod (in tod), Old Slaw. sIde (hier),
russ. sjuda etc.
serc'heg amant, débauché; the sweetheart; Slov. src^ek, ljubc^ek. In
der Slov. arch. writing serzhek.
serc'h concubine; src^ce (src^ece), Plet.
serc'han (-at?) aimer; Slov. src^kat(i).
tri trois; Slov. tri.
tanavaat (s')amincir, (se) raréfier; Slov. tanjs^ati (se), Bret.
tanav Slov. tanek (thin, fine).
reuziad infortune, malheur; misery; Slov. revs^c^ina, from the root
rev-. From that the Bret. reuziad and reuz, Slov. revesz^, "revs^ád".
preizh m. proie; Slov. plen (prey), but presz^a (ambush). So
also preizher pilleur; Slov. presz^ar, (person in) ambush, dial. na
presz^ and na preisz^ (in ambush). The word is related with the old
Slavic oprezati, Slov. oprezati, oprezovati (be in ambush).
draen m., drein épine (thorn), Slov. dren (cornel).
garan f. grue oiseau; vgl. gavran (raven).
derv coll. chènes (beech trees); Slov. cf. drevo (tree), coll.
drevje, dial. drev.
gor m. chaleur; warmth; Slov. gorkota (gor-kota) from gorek (warm).
gorre m. surface, partie supérieure; Slov. povrs^ina and gornje,
gorenje. Interesting is the name Gorre-Breizh Haute-Bretagne, Slov.
Gornje Bresz^je, Gornja Bretonija. Likewise significant is the word
gorreenn f. surface déterminée; Slov. gorenje, ie. (omejena)
povrs^ina, cf. gornina and gorna (mountain meadow); goren the first
floor (Carinthian dial.).
gouyezh f. dialecte: Slov. East Styr. dial. golc^, guc^ (talking),
Old Slav. guc^ati (Plet.).
gouelec'h m. désert; Slov. golesz^ (bald mountain), golís^ m. (bare
area) (Plet.).
taravat frotter (rub); Slov. tarem, tares^ (from treti, reiben).'
Torsten