From: fournet.arnaud
Message: 53396
Date: 2008-02-16
Arnaud Fournet
Yahontov's 35-word list
applied to PIE and Salish
Salish Recontructions are taken from
Salish Etymological Dictionary UMOPL n°16
This book is divided in three parts :
- general Roots
- Coast Salish roots
- Interior Salish roots
I take the reconstructions as they are made with no discussion.
In Salish #s- is for s mobile. It means within Salish
Some words have it, others don't.
x is velar, H is uvular unvoiced.
I have written <ts> instead of original <c> for the sake of clarity.
1 Blood
PIE has more than one word for "blood". One is *H2es-.
General Salish (p.26) *tsay "blood" < * H2tsoy-
Interior Salish (p.161) *tsiH "red" < * H2tsik-
2. Bone
PIE has *Host "bone", and variant *kHost-.
General Salish (p.90) *q?awał "bone" < *kH3od-
It works if the -s- in *kHost is from *d.
H3 is reflected as ?_w here.
Cf. General Salish (p.16) *?ił = PIE *Hed "to eat"
3. To die
General Salish (p.129) has *Hway "die, kill" < *gwol
Cf. PIE *gwel
4. Dog
The Standard PIE reconstruction (which I contest) is *kuon.
General Salish (p.85) has *(s-)qaHa? < *(s)koho-
5. Ear
6. Egg
7. Eye
Ø or no word reconstructed.
8. Fire
Interior Salish (p.179) has *p?e& "(forest) to burn" < *pe&-
Cf. PIE *puH2-r "fire"
The Salish root is a verb.
9. Fish
Words for fish are of Uralic (Samoyedic) origin.
10. Full
11. Give
12. Hand
Ø or no word reconstructed.
13. Horn
PIE has *ker-(H2) "horn".
Coast Salish (p.155) *Ha?liw "horn spoon" < *kor?-
14. I Not taken into account.
15. To know
General Salish (p.155) *suxw "to know" < *sekw
Cf. PIE skiH in Latin scîô "to know".
Somewhat dubious.
16. Louse
Ø.
17. Moon
PIE *luks-nâ.
Coast Salish : tl?eq "month"
PIE is decayed from *tl?uk?-s > luks-
18. Name
PIE *H1neH3-m "name".
General Salish (p18)*?umat "name".
Salish does not have the -n- infix in this word.
General Salish (p18)*?inwa "to say something" < H1enH3o.
19. New
No reconstruction.
20. Nose
PIE *H2neH-s "nose".
General Salish (p.71) *nis "to blow one's nose" < *neH-s
21. One
22. Salt
Certainly not stable and simple words.
23. Stone
Celtic *men "stone"
Latin *mons "mountain"
Coast Salish (p.145) (s-)man < *mon
General Salish (p.118) *s-xanx < *skon-
Cf. Latin saxum "stone"
24. Sun
25. Tail
No reconstruction.
General Salish (p.87) *q?i-lt / *q?iyt "sky, daylight".
Cf. English sky and Latin caelum.
26. This Not taken into account.
27. Thou Not taken into account.
28. Tongue
PIE *dngwâ
General Salish (p.107) *tixwts" tongue" < *t?egw-
No infix -n- in Salish.
Original *t? > t. Phonotactic *t-*? > ts.
29. Tooth
PIE has a lexical innovation : eater H1ed-ont-
Some Salish languages displays the old word *tsen "tooth".
Cf. Semitic *ts_n "tooth" in Arabic sin
30. Two
PIE *dwô < *t?m?-o
Interior Salish (p.137) *tsam "two" < *t_?om?
Cf. Hebrew te?omi "twin".
Cf. Interior Salish (p.160) s-tsum "bull"
and PIE (s-)(t-)H2ew-ros "(young) bull"
31. Water
PIE *akwâ.
General Salish (p.91) *qwu? or ?uqw
Salish displays interferences between *akwâ and H1egw "to drink".
32. What Not taken into account.
33 Who Not taken into account.
34. Wind
PIE *H2enH1-m.
Coast Salish (p136) *?ałHan "wind direction"
35. Year
No reconstruction.