--- In
cybalist@yahoogroups.com, Rick McCallister <gabaroo6958@...> wrote:
>
> Trask and, I believe, Vennemann, spoke about /k/. I
> believe Venneman sees it as a relic of pre-IE
> Basque-like substrate.
Trask and and Vennemann argued about Basque and PIE -ko which
Vennemann wanted to equate; Trask was very much against it, since the
languages are of different type and their -ko suffixes function
differently.
> But it also exists in Slavic, usually as /-sk-/ and
> probably goes back to IE.
> Basque may have picked it up from Celtic.
It's too fundamental in Basque, so it's not easily loaned; that type
of loans occur if a language changes type, the donor language then
supplying roots for new grammatical constructs, e,g, sentence
connectives from Russian to the Uralic languages which traditionally
rely on subordinate constructions instead of subordinate clauses, but
are changing. But -ko is not used in a very PIE-like manner in Basque.
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/cybalist/message/36901
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/cybalist/message/44335
I've proposed Vasconic -ko as the origin of PIE -que and its relative
pronouns.
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/cybalist/message/47546
Glen pointed out that that would be difficult to reconcile
geographically with the suffix's PIE-wide occurrence, which is true.
I'd have to postulate some kind of 'backdraft' of new grammatical
constructs from PIE's weatern frontier. But what better account of the
PIE relatives are there?
Torsten