Re: Balto-Slavic C-stems / long vowel endings

--- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, "mcarrasquer" <miguelc@...> wrote:

>
> --- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, "mandicdavid" <davidmandic@>
> wrote:
> >
> > The 1sg. pres. ending -oH2 yielded acute -o: in Lithuanian (later
> > short -u). In Slavic, it turned into -a: and was later expanded
> > with the secondary ending -m (cf. 1sg. aorist pekU < *pekwom, and
> > also skr. bhára:mi < *bhero:+mi). The addition of -m probably
> > followed the change o: > a: in Slavic, because the o: yielded u: >
> > y before nasal stops in word-final position: kamy < *ka:mu: <
> > *ak'mo:n. Also, -a:N# wasn't affected by umlaut (A.sg. zemljoN;
> > thus also 1.sg. pres. bijoN etc.).
>
> Actually, the addition of -m must have followed the raising of back
> vowels before final nasals (or we would have gotten *-o:m > *-u:N >
> *-uN > -U), and preceeded the shortening of long diphtongs (or we
> would have gotten -o:m > -a(m)).

So you're saying it went *-oH2 > *-o: -> *-a:, + *-m > *-a:m -> *-aN
-> *-oN? Using the sandhi variant scheme, one could go instead
*-ó/*-óN and leave it there, *-ó for oxytone neuters NAsg, *-óN for
1sg pres.

> <Kamy> "stone" cannot come from *h2ák^mo:n, because that would have
> yielded <kamU>. In fact, it _does_ yield <kam> in I forget which
> Slavic dialect (Kashubian?). The Slavic form, like Lith. <akmuõ>,
> comes from PIE *h2ák^mõ, a variant with the final resonant dropped
> (only its falling tone remains).

Variants? *-mo:n/*-moN? Do you realize how close you are here to
agreeing with Schmalstieg? ;-)

> There is another Slavic variant (Northern Russian?) <kama>, which
> may come from PIE *h2ák^mo:, also with /n/ dropped, but with acute
> tone, or from *h2ák^mo:n, with /n/ dropped in later (Balto-)Slavic
> times, but still before the N-raising. Another such variant may
> underlie <vodá>, where we would have expected *wo(n)duõ (= Lith.
> vanduõ) to have yielded *v(o)dy or the full form *wo(n)do:r >
> *v(o)do(r) [I won't mention the fact that we would have expected
> something other than /o/ in the first syllable].

*wodó: (Goth. wato:) -> Lith. vanduõ with /n/ from the rule /-VDV´/ ->
/VnDhV´/, since voiced stops are prenasalized (not preglottalized, as
Kortlandt wants); the /n/ in this word is one of the few survivors of
paradigm regularization, which everywhere else replaced it with
Winther lengthening (sez I). Slavic vodá might be backformed as a
singular (hence the mysterious f.) from the regular *vódy <- *wódo:ns.

I assume all the rules you supplied are for unstressed endings (they
don't seem to include *-ó(N) -> *-ó of oxytone neuter NAsg)?


Torsten