come. go

Textbooks posit root full grade sg, zero grade pl for PIE verbs.
For Germanic, I think they implicitly assume sg full grade was
generalized.

But?

PPIE *NgWaNgW- "come, go" ->
PIE pres. *gWeg-ti, *gW-n.gWónti ->
PGerm. *kWek-, *kumb-ánti ->
(generalized) *kúmb-iT, *kúmb-and,
*kumb-ti -> German -kunft

That was a "proper" Germanic verb (with ablaut of PPIE /a/).
The same verb, now taken from a NWEur. substrate
(no a-ablaut):
PPIE *NgWaNgW- "come, go" ->
PNWEur. *gag- ->
NWEur. pres. *gax-, *gan,-, "go", impv. *gak- (ODan. gak! "go!")


Torsten