From: junk554
Message: 45002
Date: 2006-06-18
><pr-
> *per-1 `froward, through, in front of, before, early, first, toward,
> against, near, at, around'.
> I. Basic form *per- and *peri. 1. Alb. <pej/prej> `from' from *peri,
> due to *-ri- > Alb. /j/ with restoration later of apical flap /r/:
> Greek peri `around, near, beyond'. 2a. pr- as prefix used in adverb
> <pr-anë> `close, near'; b. <pr-ashtu> ("Meshari") `this way'; c.
> andaj> `therefore', <pr-apë> `again', <pr-apa> `behind', <pr-eh> `toont-
> sharp', <pr-aroj> `to set, to coat with gold, usually used for
> sunset probably from *per-: Latin per `through, for, by'.
> II. Zero-grade form *pr.-. 1a. Alb. <prij> `to lead' from suffixed
> form *pr.-n-yo (*r. > ri). b. Alb. <prim-je/prir-je> `talent,
> inclination', abstract noun in je from participle form prim-/prir-;
> c. <pris> `leader' is a nomen agentis in t-yo.
> III. Extended zero-grade form *pr.H- (earlier form *pr.H3-). 1a.
> Suffixed form *pr.H3-o > Alb. <i/e parë> `first'; 2a. Adverb
> <para> `before, in front of'; b. As prefix para- `fore-, para-, pre-
> , por-: para-shikoj `pre-dict, fore-cast', para-shkruaj `pre-
> scribe', para-gjykoj `pre-judge' etc.; c. Further prefixed form për-
> para `forward, ahead, onward'; d. Verb form për-par-oj `to advance,
> go ahead', verbal noun <për-par-im> `advancement', abstract noun
> <për-parë-si> `priority, advantage' etc. 3. Prefixed form *H1en- +
> *pr.H3-o > Alb. <i mbarë> `decent, proper; well-behaved; with the
> good side showing'; b. abstract noun <mbarë-si> `good luck, fortune;
> success'; c. Adverb <së mbari> `properly, well'. 4. Abstract noun
> <pari> `leading citizenry, local dignitaries' used as collective
> noun. 5a. Most interesting is prefix par- in: par-dje `day before
> yesterday', <parmbrëmë> `two nights ago, in the evening of the day
> before yesterday', par-vjet `year-before- last, two years ago;
> literally first year before last year' etc.; b. Adverb in diminutive
> suffix <par-ëz> `just a little before'. 4. Suffixed (superlative)
> form *pr.H-mo > i parmë `anterior, simple, prime' as adjective and
> as noun `forefinger, index finger', <i parlemë' `first born
> (son/child)', attested in "Meshari" (1555) etc.
> IV. Extended form *pro-. 1a. Alb. preposition <për> `for, about,
> per, at, by, after, pro' from *pro due to R V > V R (R-
> resonant), when the vowel is not in stressed position; b.
> Preposition <për> `in': për aq sa`insomuch': Old Norse fra `from':
> Latin pro. 2. As prefix për-: për-shkruaj `describe', për-
> dor `employ, use', për-punoj `elaborate, develop', për-krah `to
> support, favour' etc. (Pokorny 2. per- 810.)
>
> *per-2 `to lead, pass over'.
> I. Basic root *per-. 1. Alb. <shpie> `to bring, lead' from prefixed
> and suffixed from *sem-+ *per-yo, aor. <shpuna/shpura> from zero-
> grade suffixed form *sem-+*pr.H1-no 2. <shpurë> `escort, attendants'
> as substantivized adjective. 3. Alb. <shpoj> `to pierce, hole' from
> prefixed and suffixed lengthened e-grade from *ts- + preH1-n-yo >
> PAlb. <spre:njo>. 4. Alb. <pirrë> `thorn, pin' with intensive prefix
> s-pirrë `id.' from zero-grade suffixed form *pr.-neH2 > PAlb.
> <pirna:>: peirein `to pierce', perone `pin'.
> II. O-grade form *por-. 1a. <mbaroj> `to finish, complete, end' from
> prefixed and suffixed form *H1en- + *por-a:-n-yo, synonymic in many
> context with <vdes> `to die'. It could be as well from prefixed form
> of <parë> `first', like thinks Meyer; b. Verbal noun <mbarim> `end,
> finish'; c. <mbaresë> `ending'.
> III. Lengthened o-grade form *po:r-. 1. Alb. <pereni/perëndi> `god'
> from suffixed active participle *po:r-ont-ia: (*o: > Alb. /e/, *-
> > PAlb. and-, later ann- that justifies the lack of rhotacism and
> finally /n/, a > e due to i-Umlaut and long stressed /í/ as a result
> of contraction of abstract suffix ia:). 2. Denominative
> <perëndoj> `to pass over, to set, go down' with darkening of /a/
> to /ë/ like in <gaz> `joy', but <gëzoj> `enjoy'. 3. <peranor/
> perandor> `emperor' from suffixed active participle form *per-ont-
> eH1r that didn't cause i-Umlaut of ont like in <perëndi>: OHG
> fuoren `to lead'. (Pokorny 2. B per 816.)
>
> *per-3 `to try, risk'. 1. Alb. <frikë> `fear' from s-mobile zero-
> grade form *spr.-keH2; b. Verb <frikë-soj> `to frighten', verbal
> noun <frikësim> `fright', <frikës-ues> `frightening'; c. Adjective
> in pejorative suffix <frik-acak> `coward'; d. Adjective in suffix
> shëm > i frik-shëm `fearfully'; e. Prefixed and suffixed adjective
> <i pafrikshëm> `brave': Old English fær: Lat. periculum: Greek
> peria `trial, attempt'. Assumption that Alb. <frikë> could be a loan
> from Greek he friki seems not plausible, because velar followed by
> front vowel would be palatalized, (Pokorny 2. E. per- 818.)
>
> *per-4 `to cut, strike'. 1. Alb. <pres> `to cut, chop, amputate'
> from suffixed variant (metathesized) basic root *pre-t-yo, passive
> form <pritem> `to be amputated, cut' from *pretmai through eCC- > -
> iCC- and R V > V R (R `resonant') if vowel is not in stressed
> position (cf. g'ne:-sko-mai > njihem `to be known' and basic form
> <njoh> `to know'). 2. Deverbative <presë> `drop-hammer, edge' from
> *pre-t-yeH2: Lat. premere `to press': Russ. peretü `id.'. (Pokorny
> 3. per- 818.)
>
> *per-5 `to traffic, sell'. 1. Alb. <pres> `to cost, appreciate; to
> wait' from *pret-yo: S'a pret ky fustan/këmishë `How much cost this
> skirt/shirt'; Prej biletën `to buy a ticket'; Ma pren mendja se nuk
> e ka mire `I think, believe, appreciate that he/she is wrong'. A
> meaning of traffic is preserved in verbal phrase <prit e
> përcjell> `to be very hospitable; have a lot of visitors;
> literally `to wait and to accompany people'. 2. Preje! `Deal!':
> Latin inter-pres `go between, negotiator', pretium `price': Greek
> pernanai `to sell'. (Pokorny 2. C. per 817.)
>
> Konushevci
>