--- In
cybalist@yahoogroups.com, Piotr Gasiorowski <gpiotr@...>
wrote:
>
> tgpedersen wrote:
>
> > calf:
> > cognates in Germanic.
> > with other ablaut grade
> > ags. cilfor-lamb etc
> >
> > further Gallic > Latin galba "belly"
> >
> > with deviant ablaut *gW for *g
> >
> > Greek delphús, dólphos etc
> > Skt. gárbha-
> >
> > Is it safe to conclude that this is inherited Germanic, given
the
> > deviant alternate root? The only non-Germanic form from PIE *g-
is
> > not safely Latin, so that is not evidence.
>
> The regularly formed nominal derivatives from this 'womb/young
animal'
> root in IE are as follows:
>
> (1) the u-stems *gWl.bH-u-/*gWelbH-u-
> (2) the o-stem *gWolbH-o-
> (3) the es-stem *gWelbH-es- (nom. gWelbH-os)
>
> but the actual reflexes often show a good deal of cross-
contamination,
> including vocalism "borrowed" from related forms with the same or
> similar meaning.
As you'd expect in a loanword.
>
> The delabialisation of *gW in pre-Germanic is at least half-
> regular before *o other than the thematic vowel, so *kalb-a- is
> not deviant. The delabialised *k was generalised,
Generalised to other stems??
>infecting stems like *kilb-iz- < *gWelbH-es-; on the other hand,
>the vocalism of *kalb-a- is found in the mixed -es-stem *kalb-iz-
>(OE cealf, pl. cealfru).
Will you argue that that, will all the exceptions and analogies,
_proves_ 'calf' is inherited in Germanic?
How about this:
*gW-la-, g-la- (= 3gW-l- 'uterum gerere', s. d., +
Laryngalerweiterung)?
In den germ. Wörtern got. kilþei 'γαστήρ', in-kilþō 'gravida', ags.
cild 'child', aschwed. kolder dän. kuld 'Wurf, Kinder derselben
Ehe', kann germ. kel- (> kil-) mit dem Ablaut kul- aus idg. g-l-
oder (mit Laryngalerweiterung) g-la- hervorgegangen sein; ebenso
können die folgenden germ. Worte < idg. (mit Halbreduplikation) gl-g-
: gl-k-(< voridg. G.W-l-G.- : G.W-l-g-) oder < idg. glag- : glak-
(< idg. gW-la- + g- : k-) sein, mit idg. -g- an. klekja (<
*klakjan) 'ausbrüten', dan. op-klække 'aufziehen, groß ziehen',
Part. an. ny:-klakinn : mit idg. -k- got. niu-klahs 'neugeboren'.
Mit idg. *gW-la-, *g-la- (< voridg. G.W-l- < G.W-r- + A.- oder H.-)
vgl.
semit. *k.-r- (einfach redupl. k.-r-r-, s. 3gW-l-) + A- in semit. k.-
r-A-, arab. Perf. k.ara`at '(a she-camel, ewe, she-goat) became
pregnant, brought forth', IV `a-k.ra`at 'she (a woman) became
pregnant', und
*k.-r- + H.- in arab. k.araH.at '(a she-camel) began to be in a
state of pregnancy', kāriHuN '(a she-camel) becoming in a manifest
state of pregnancy' SI. 126 f. 195. 268.
gW-lbh- (< voridg. G.W-l-P.- < urspr. G.W-r-P.- = GW.-r- + P.-, s.
3gW-l-, gW-rbh-), gr. δελφύς 'uterus', `αδελφεός 'frater
(couterinus)', δέλφαξ 'Schwein, Ferkel', ags. cilfor-lamb ahd.
chilburra mhd. kιlber(e) 'agna', avest. gerebu- n. 'Junges eines
Tieres', got. kalbō ahd. chalba 'vitula', gr. δoλφός μήτρα [: idg.
kW-lb-, s. d., und vgl. gW-r-bh- ],
= semit. k.-l-b- (b < ursemit. P.) in arab. k.albuN 'cor, medium,
medulla (palmae), media acies (exercitus), the best part of
anything'; sonst mit r semit. k.-r-b-, hebr. k.`ræβ 'Mutterleib,
Mitte' etc., s. gW-r-bh-. SI. 127 f.
from Møller: Vergleichendes indogermanisch-semitisches Wörterbuch
and, on the semantics of the last Semitic root, cf from Falk and
Torp, under 'kalv':
"Af betydningen "foster" forklares det, at 'kalv' i nord. og t.
dialekter saa ofte anvendes om ting som befinder sig inde i andre,
således i nt. om træstykker anvendt til udfodring, i dansk sjøsprog
om en smækker line der lægges inden i et svært taug som en kjerne."
"From the meaning "embryo" it is explained that 'kalv' in Nordic and
German dialects so often is used of things that are inside other
things, thus in Northern German of pieces of wood used for blocking
(?), in Danish maritime language of a thin string placed inside a
heavy rope as core."
Torsten