>>> The Anlaut of Goth.
<jains>, German <jener>, Eng. <yonder>
>>>
suggests a development out of the relative/interrogative
>>> stem
*yo-.
>>
>>Really, German <jener> "this"
>"that"
>>is to be devided as je-n-er, cf.
je-d-er "that".
> "every". There's no
etymological connection between jener
> and jeder.
> The group
of jener, jains, yonder presumably consists of
> relative pronoun *yo-,
extended with the deictic element
> *eno- (cf. for the addition of *-eno
Grk. (e-)k^e-eno
> "that"). It is a demonstrative pronoun
in Germanic.
Thank you for the corrections. I learned
German so long ago that have forgotten almost everything... But the fact that
<jener> is really ---made of the relative *yo- + the deictic *eno- only
supports the idea that the *yo- never changed into a demonstrative!
> PIE *k^i-s, *k^i-d, obl. *k^esyo etc. (*k^o-s only in
>
Anatolian: Hittite kas, Luw. zas): Arm. -s, sa, ai-s etc.,
> Grek
e-ke-enos > ekeinos, Germanic he: etc. "he", Lith.
>
s^is, etc. This was probably the proximal demonstrative
> pronoun in
PIE, versus distal *so, *tod, *tosyo, etc.
I had not recognized that here
s- < *k^-, and so failed to find corresponding forms with *s-. But with the
declension of *k^i-s a question appeares. Is there any explanation of the *i/*e
alternation (that exists also in *i-s)?
>> Proto-Altaic had a suppletive system, where the nominative
>> had *b-, and the oblique cases had *m- (and perhaps also
>> *ng-, attested in Mong. na- and Old Jap. a).
> Why
assume suppletion, when the soundlaw is staring one in
> the
face?
Where does this soundlaw exist,
except for pronouns? There are many Proto-Altaic words that have initial *m- and
no nasal as a second consonant (e.g. *miak'o "frog", *morV
"horse" - all examples from the database on http://starling.rinet.ru), and in Mongolic
and Tungus the *m- does not cange into *b- (cf. Mong. *mekelei ~ melekei, *mori;
Tung. *moko-, *murin). Also there are words with initial *b- and a nasal as a
second consonant, and *b- does not change into *m- (e.g. *bu:Ne- "to
howl" > Mong. *bu"Nsi-, Tung. *bu:ni-).
==========
Vadim Ponaryadov