Re: [tied] PIE Stop System

elmeras2000 wrote:

>> 1.1. Evolution /*e/ > /ja/
>> Bisedes evolution /*e/ > /ie/ its also common evolution /*e/
>> /ja/,
>> especialy before the nasals and liquids: *esmi > (unë) jam `(I)
> am',
>> *mel > mjaltë, but also *dek^s- > i djathtë `right', *H3ep > jap
> `to
>> produce'.
>
> /ja/ is the regular product of *e before (some) old clusters.
> Jap 'give' has optional j-, prs. jap jep jep or ap ep ep, so the
> vowel is Alb. /a/.

One will observe in the given examples that there is the same rule as in
Rom. Lang where /e/> /ie/ and this /je/ became /ja/ when in the next
syllable an /ã/ ( Albanian /ë/) follows:
mjaltë, djathë, and more other examples...

>> 1.3. Evolution /*e/ > /i/
>> If /*e/ is followed by consonantal cluster, the outcome is e-CC>i-
> CC:
>> *g^herzd(h)-, metathetic variant *g^hrezd(h) > drithë `cereals,
> bread
>> grains', *pezd- > pith, pidhi `vagine', *bhend- > bind `to
> convince,
>> to persuade'.

The same here regarding the /e/>/i/ in Rom. Lang. before /nC/. BTW, in
Pokorny the radical for "vagina" is not *pezd but *pi:zda: (Pok. #1523)

>
>> 3. /se-/ > /gja-/ in both dialects
>> *serp- > gjarpër `snake', *s(w)eks- > gjashtë `six', *seuHk- >
>> gjak `blood', *sem- > n-gjamë `similar'
>
> 'Snake' and 'six' are okay, except that the /a/ is part of a
> diphthongization of *e to /ja/ (before old clusters) which is here
> obscured by the preceding /gj/. - Gjak is most often understood as
> *sokWos, identical with OCS sokU and Gk. opós 'juice', a fine
> metaphor for blood. - ngjamë or just gjamë is the ptc. og ngjas or
> just gjas, i.e. the -m- is the participial morpheme and not part of
> the root; to boot, gj- is here from gl-, Buzuk glame; the prefixed
> nasal is perhaps a reduced *som-.

I have a question regarding "n-gjamë". This word looks too similar to
Rom. "îngemãna" supposed to derive from "geamãn"( twin) supposed to
derive from Latin "geminis" , Latin geminis= unsure etimology.
What makes it so sure that the word "n-gjamë" is derived from *sem-? I
think now at Alb. "shembellen" with the same meaning as "ngjamë". In
fact here we have two pair of words to compare:
geminis - gjan
similar - shhembellen

which one of Alb. words are now from *sem- ?

Alex