cardinal points
From: alex_lycos
Message: 21429
Date: 2003-05-01
is there a common PIE/Ie denomination for cardinal points?
It is said that for instance "north" in the Romance is from English.
English north:
O.E. norð, from P.Gmc. *nurtha-, possibly ult. from Oscan-Umbrian
"nertro-"(left), as north is to the left when one faces the rising sun.
The same notion underlies Ir. tuaisceart "north." The word for "north"
in the Romance languages is ultimately from English
English south:
O.E. suð "southward, in the south," from P.Gmc. *sunthaz, perhaps
related to base of *sunnon "sun."
English west:
O.E. west "in or toward the west," from P.Gmc. *wes-t-, from PIE *wes-
(source of Gk. hesperos, L. vesper).
English east:
east - O.E. easten "from the east," from P.Gmc. *austa-, *austra-, from
PIE *aus- "to shine" (especially of the dawn).
In Rom. there is an another way to tell about the cardinal points they
being connected with the sun and with the belief that in North is born
the night in south is born the day.
North: miazã-noapte ( middle of the night)
South miazã-zi ( middle of the day)
East: rasarit ( the point where the sun appears on the sky in the
morning)
West: apus ( the point where the sun goes down in the evening).
Of course the Rom. expresions are explained trough Latin (miazãnoapte=
mediam noctem, miazãzi=mediam diem). About "apus"(west)is given as a
Rom. contstruct from " a apune" ( Lat . apponere, even if the semantism
doesn't matches, the semantism of Rom. word is explained in the usual
way) and about "rãsãrit"( east) is given too as a directly Rom.
construction from "a rasari" ( to rise, to appear) which should derive
from an presumably Latin *resalire
Very interesting I find the denomination for the wind which is blowing
from east. It is called "Austrul". The connection with the P. Gmc.
shouldn't be coincidentally here? I doubt.
Second, I ask myself if there is a connection betwen Rom. "a rãsãri"
and the Germanic world. So we have:
rise - O.E. risan (usually arisan; class I strong verb; past tense ras,
pp. risen), from P.Gmc. *us-risanan "to go up."
Semantically it fits very good , phonetically not exactly. The vocalism
gives me trouble.
The reconstructed root *us-risanan whould be perfect if there should be
*us-resanan. I need an "e" there for having an /ã/ in Romanian.
On another hand, one will say " a rasari" is a compound from prefix "re"
and "sare"(to jump) meaning " re-jumping which can be seen as the
"re-jumping" in every day of the sun. Against this idee speaks the fact
the verb belongs to the group of verbs which are derivated with 0-grade
of the root , meaning the oldest verbs in the language ( rãsar, rãsari,
rãsare).
Anyway, it seems interesting the both words in P.Gmc *austra and
*us-resanan since at the first view, it seems they have cognates in
Balkan.
Alex