Re: [tied] Re: Romani language < Indo-Arian - phonetic laws

From: Piotr Gasiorowski
Message: 13290
Date: 2002-04-16

For the curious, here's a more complete numeral list for (Balkan) Romani. The spelling is as phonetic as possible (<j> = "y", <S> = "sh", <Z> = "zh"):
 
1    jek
2    dui
3    trin
4    Star
5    panZ
6    Sov
7    efta (< Gk. Eftá)
8    oxto (< Gk. OxtÓ)
9    enja (< Gk. Enjá) 
10   deS
11   deS-u-ek
12   deS-u-dui
..
20   biS
21   biS-ta-ek
..
30   trianda (< Gk. triá(n)da)
40   saranda (< Gk. sará(n)da)
50   peninda (< Gk. pEní(n)da)
60   Sov var deS
70   efta-var-deS
80   oxto-var-deS
90   enja-var-deS
100  s^el
..
1000 hiljada (< Bulg. < Gk.)
 
The Middle Eastern Domari numerals are quite similar, but include some Persian loans (more or less corresponding to the Greek loans in European Romani: 7-9, 30, 40, 80), and the system is partly vigesimal (60 = <trin viSt>, 70 = <trin viSt dez>).
 
Most of the differences between Old Indo-Aryan and Romani are due to normal Middle Indo-Aryan developments (word-initial strengthening, intervocalic lenition or loss of consonants, loss of final vowels, etc.).
 
Piotr
 
 
> --- In cybalist@......, João Simões Lopes Filho <jodan99@......>
> wrote:
> > What
are the main phonetical changes from Proto-Indo-Arian to
> > Romani,
the language of gypsies?
> > The numerals are:
> > 1
yekh
> > 2 dui
> > 3 trin
> > 4 s^tar
> > 5
panj^
> > 6 sôv
> > 7 efta
> > 8 oxto
> > 9
yena
> > 10 des^
>
> I don't know, but it looks like 7, 8
and 9 are Greek loans.
>
> David