Don wrote:

> > i) Grade 1, Grade 1.5, Grade 2, and Grade 3 Braille?
> If these refer to progressive versions,

Yes, and no.

One has to know Grade 1 Braille, before one can learn Grade 2 Braille.
Likewise, one has to know Grade 2 Braille, before learning Grade 3
Braille. [ Grade 1.5 is all but obsolete.]

Grade 1 Braille is "basic Braille."
⠃ is the letter "B"
⠼⠃ is the numeral "2"

Grade 2 Braille is the typical "working Braille". It consists of
Braille 1, plus around 150 contractions.

⠃ is the word "but".[Yes, the same glyph as "b".]

Grade 3 Braille is specialized Braille. It consists of Grade 1
Braille, plus around specialized contractions. Typically these are
for specialized functions, such as music, chemistry, etc. It also is
often used as a kind of shorthand. with roughly 500 contractions.

> > ii) Braille written in English, and in French?
> If the braille alphabet is the same

There are slight differences between Braille used, and taught in the
US, and that found in Canada, and Great Britain, for English. [The
letters are the same, the contractions differ.]

In French, and English ⠍ is the letter "m". In Chinese, it is a radical.

> > iii) Other systems of written communication used by the
> Yes, including perhaps indigenous systems that do not

Nemeth Code, which is used mainly for math. Same dots as Braille, but
different meanings to the patterns. [A case can be made that Nemeth
Code is a specific version of Grade 3 Braille.]

Moon Code, which is used mainly in Britain.

Eight Dot Code, which is a variation of standard Braille.

xan

jonathon
--
Wondering how much YahooGroups will mutilate that Braille glyphs.