)Bá‹$)B³á)BŠ•áŠ$)B¤á)Bˆ á‹$)B«á)B‹•á‰†á‰¥ (Daniel Yacob) scripsit:

> I've often wondered, how did the two case system get started? What
> was the original problem that lowercase letters were devised for (I
> assume upper came first)? And when? I expect that the original
> premise has been lost to the ages, I'd be grateful if anyone could
> share the leading theory here.

It's fairly straightforward: upper-case forms (the original ones)
were first carved into stone, lower-case forms evolved from them as
easier to write with a pen. At first manuscripts were either one or
the other; the mixed use we have today appeared around the 8th-9th century
C.E. in the Latin script, and spread to the Greek, Cyrillic, Armenian,
Georgian, and Coptic scripts later. Georgian has now abandoned
the two-case system in favor of a monocase one; the exact details of
the relationship between the three forms have been lost.

> Was there ever a period where other cases (beyond two) were created
> but then died off as a failed branch in the evolutionary tree?

There probably never was any significant use of three-case documents.
Two cases is difficult enough to learn. :-)

(The term "case" itself refers to the wooden boxes or drawers used to
store lead type; the capital letters were quite literally in the upper
case.)

--
Winter: MIT, John Cowan
Keio, INRIA, jcowan@...
Issue lots of Drafts. http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
So much more to understand! http://www.reutershealth.com
Might simplicity return? (A "tanka", or extended haiku)