Perhaps someone could shed some light on this for me...

When I was a young lad in school (in America), the numbers we wrote were
called "Arabic numerals" -- I presume in order to distinguish them from
"Roman numerals". But these things we were taught to call Arabic numerals
(i.e., Unicode U+0030 - U+0039) are not used by a some, if not many,
peoples whose languages are written with Arabic script -- they favor what
Unicode calls "Arabic-Indic Digits" (U+0660 - U+0669) or "Extended
Arabic-Indic Digits" (U+06F0 - U+06F9)

So a few questions:

How did the term "Arabic numerals" come to be used for digits that aren't,
well, Arabic?

Is this term still being taught? Just in America or elsewhere? Is there a
better term?

Is there a traditional name for the group of digits starting with U+0660?

Thanks,

Bob