Re: What's does the "anta" in Suttanta mean?

From: Nyanatusita
Message: 4100
Date: 2014-12-08

Dear Lance,

>>
>
It was Petra who argued that the names of suttas are late and so are not
evidence for early use of sutta as a designation for the discourses.
> Can you give a reference?
I was thinking of Vin I 35, but although the version from the Burmese CD
has Ādittaparyāyasutta, the PTS edition has only Ādittaparyāyaṃ; so we
are back at the problem of lack of proper Ms studies.


When the Buddha himself gave names to his discourses he used pariyāya, e.g. madhupiṇḍikapariyāyo, lomahaṃsanapariyāyo, ādittapariyāya. I can't find ādittapariyāyasutta in the discourses itself in the Burmese CS edition of the SN and Vin, only in the headings and conclusions.
If anyone can find a usage of sutta as part of a title of discourse, which is used by the Buddha or a disciple inside the body of the text of a discourse (not as part of a heading or conclusion), then I'd like to know about it.

>
>
> Since the Pātimokkha, the training rules and Brahmacariya are
> specifically referred to here it seems to me that the simile of the
> flowers not tied to the board primarily refers to the Patimokkha.
> Sariputta also understood it in this manner since he requests the
> Buddha to recite the Patimokkha: /Etassa, sugata, kālo! Yaṃ bhagavā
> sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññapeyya uddiseyya pātimokkhaṃ, yathayidaṃ
> brahmacariyaṃ addhaniyaṃ assa ciraṭṭhitika’’nti. /‘
>
>
Most scholars would take this passage to be rather late, since it
contains reference to the six past Buddhas as well as to all nine kinds
of dhamma.


Yes, this might be the case, but even then it shows how sutta was understood at a relatively early date by the compilers of the Vinaya Pitaka, i.e. as something which ties and keeps together smaller strands. This seems to have been the common understanding at the time. And it perfectly fits the way the Patimokkha, which is generally agreed upon as a very early text by scholars, is structured.


To return to my previous question regarding anta in suttanta as meaning ''inside'' or “included in”, in the sense of -anta in gāmanta: “inside the village (area)”: In the Pali commentaries and Tikas sometimes suttantara  is used instead of suttanta.

 

In commentaries sutta passages are quoted as suttantare and suttante: e.g. Tasmā suttantarepi vutta ‘yāvatā, bhikkhave, dhammā  … (Sn-a) or 

Suttantepi vutta bhagavatā …. (It-a)

 

The words suttantapada, suttantarapada and perhaps also suttapada are used alternatively:

 

Patis-a

.... virāgā vimuccatī’’ti vuttāna dvinna suttantapadāna attha niddisitukāmena

 M-t: Upaparikkhitabboti suttantarāgamato suttantarapadassa aviparīto attho vīmasitabbo.

M-t: Tattha samānetvāti suttantarato samānetvā, suttantarapadehi ca samānetvā.

M-t: eta mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’ti, eva suttantarapadānipi ānetvā visesavacana niddhāretabba.

 Ud-a: asakhatagāminiñca paipada’’ntiādīhi anekehi suttapadehi, ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, ajāta’’nti.


Perhaps then, if anta corrresponds to antara, suttanta means something like “inside the sutta” or “part of the sutta” as being a part or fibre of the larger sutta body or thread of texts? This  agrees with the suggestion of Klaus.


The Netti commentary explains suttaṃ (in evaṃ suttena suttaṃ saṃsandayitvā, which Nyanamoli translates as  ''collating Thread with Thread'')  as Suttenāti saṃvaṇṇiyamānena suttena. Suttanti suttantaraṃ.

Elsewhere the Nettippakarana suttanta is used in sabbe navasuttante vicinati: ”he investigates all that is in the nine sutta-modes” or Nyanamoli ''investigates .. all that is in the ninefold Thread-of-Argument'' which the commentary explains as the 'nine sutta (modes) starting with sutta, geyya, etc'. The Tika gives two explanations. The first, if I understand correctly, is that one investigates by way of sutta, geyya, etc, bringing the nine modes into the sutta. The second is that one investigates all having the nine sutta modes of sutta, geyya, etc, through the method of conveying which has the characteristic of investigation.

Nett-a: Yasmā pana anugītīti ettha anurūpā gīti anugītīti ayampi attho icchito, tasmā viciyamānassa suttapadassa anurūpato suttantarapadānipi atthuddhāravasena vā paduddhāravasena vā ānetvā vicetabbānīti dassento sabbe nava suttante vicinatīti āha. Nava suttanteti suttageyyādike nava sutte yathāsambhavatoti adhippāyo. Aya vicayahārassa padatthaniddeso.

 

Netti Tika: Nava suttanteti suttageyyādivasena navappakāre suttasmi ānetvā vicinatīti yojanā. Atha vā sabbe nava suttante ti iminā pavicayalakkhaena hārena suttageyyādīni sabbānipi navappakārāni suttāni vicinatīti attho. Tenāha suttageyyādike ti ādi.

Perhaps the usage of sutta in the mahapadesa does not refer to a body of discourses, but rather to a pattern or mode of teaching, i.e. as the “thread” or threaded, coherent pattern of a discourse, in the same the  way  it  is  used in the Netti? This you yourself suggest in your article 'Pali Oral Literature'. Nyanamoli also does so in his introduction to his Netti translation.

Perhaps the term suttanta was used to distinguish the discourses of the Buddha from the legal text Patimokkha called Sutta?

Best wishes,
                      Bh Nyanatusita







Lance Cousins



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