In the term " dhamma vicaya" (2nd of the 7 factors of enlightenment),
is vicaya the same base word and meaning as vicara of (vitakha and
vicara, 2 of the 5 jhana factors)?

If they are the same,
I ask that question wondering how vipassana to fulfil the 7 factors of
enlightenment step 2 is done with any other jhana than the first jhana,
since vitakha and vicara drop out beyond 1st jhana.

I've been reading anapanasati sutta, and commentaries by many esteemed
meditation masters/teachers, and the commentaries on those 16 steps are
all over the place. Other than similarities in steps 1+2, and steps
(13-16), the remaining 10 steps are often completely different systems,
like their talking about completely different things, yet because the
Buddha's framework was vague enough all of those interpretations have
some merit.

-Frank