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The New Pali Course Part III (1950)
Prof. A. P. Buddhadatta Maha Nayaka Thera

Chapter VII Definition of the Indeclinables

12. atha, and then; after that; and; or; now.

(a) "Atha paapaani kammaani kara.m baalo na bujjhati." [Dhp.v.136]

A fool does not realise their nature when he does wicked deeds.

(b) "Atha kho (= after that) Devadatto uposathadivase attano parisaaya saddhi.m ekamanta.m nisiiditvaa..." [DhA.i,142]

YP: "After that, Devadatta, on the Uposatha Day, with his following, having sat on one side..."

13. atho, and then; also; and further.

"Hatthe pi chindanti, atho pi paade,
Ka.n.ne pi chindanti, atho pi naasa.m." [V.V.p.50]

YP: "Cut the hands too, and also the feet,
Cut the ears too, and also the nose."

14. atha vaa, or.

"Yo Buddha.m paribhaasati,
Atha vaa tassa saavaka.m." [SN.v.134]

YP: "(He) who abuses the Buddha,
or His disciple."

15. addhaa, certainly; surely.

"Addhaa tva.m Buddho bhavissasi; Buddhabhuutena pana te pa.thama.m mama vijita.m aagantabba.m." [Jaataka-nidaana]

YP: "Surely, you will become a Buddha; but firstly (you) should come to my kingdom with your Buddhabhuuta."

16. adho, below; under.

"Uddha.m adho ca tiriya.m, disaasv'anudisaasv'aha.m
Anvesa.m naadhigacchaami: Godhiko so kuhi.m gato." [S.i,122]

"Aloft, below, and back and forth I seek
The quarters four and in between in vain.
I find not: whither gone is Godhika." [K.S.i,152]

17. antaraa, in between; midway.

"Suppiyo pi kho paribbaajako antaraa ca Raajagaha.m antaraa ca Naalanda.m addhaanamagga-pa.tipanno hoti." [D.i,1]

Suppiya the mendicant too was going along the high road between Raajagaha and Naalandaa.

In compounds this becomes an adjective:-
(a) antaraakathaa, in between talk
(b) antaraamara.na, premature death

18. antarena, in between; midway.

(a) "Antarena yamakasaalaana.m uttarasiisaka.m ma~nca.m pa~n~naapehi." [D.ii,137]

Prepare a bed with its head to the north, between the twin Saala trees.

(b) "Tato tva.m, maalu`nkyaputta, n'ev'idha, na hura.m, na ubhayam antarena." [S.iv,73]

Then you, Maalunkya's son, are not here, not beyond, and not midway between.

19. anto, in; inside; within.

"Eva.m paasaadassa anto ca bahi ca gaa.lhaarakkhaa ahosi." [DhA.iv,209]

YP: "So, there was tight security inside and outside the palace."

In compounds it has the meaning "inner".

(a) antonagara, inner city
(b) antogaama, inner village

20. aparajju, on the following day.

"Tena kho pana samayena aayasmaa Nigrodhakappo pacchaabhatta.m pi.n.dapaata-pa.tikkanto vihaara.m pavisati, saaya.m vaa nikkhamati, aparajju vaa kaale." [S.i,186]

At that time the venerable Nigrodha-Kappa enters his cell on returning from his alms-round and does not leave it again till evening or the forenoon (of the) next day.

21. api, also; and; even; if; but.

(a) "Saa pi Takkasilaa-magga.m pa.tipajji; sahaayako pi'ssaa ito c'ito ca vicaritvaa pi naaddasa." [DhA.i,326]

(b) Even:

(1) "Api dibbesu kaamesu rati.m so naadhigacchati." [Dhp.v.187]

ref: http://www.tipitaka.net/pali/synthesis/pali3.00.cdv

(to be continued...)