Dear Yong Peng,
Op 6-mrt-2009, om 13:01 heeft Ong Yong Peng het volgende geschreven:

> hirika - sense of shame
> ottappa - remorse for wrong-doing
>
> Maybe Nina and other members like to comment on this too. I have
> got this understanding from a Chinese term

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N: The akusala cetasika (unwholesome quality) of kukkucca is usually
translated as remorse: remorse about the bad deeds one did and the
good deeds one omitted. This is not remorse in the positive sense,
but rather aversion.
Ottappa is also translated as fear of blame, fear of the consequences
of ill deeds, but also this translation is not ideal.
I think we have to remember that hiri and ottappa arise with each
kind of kusala: when engaged with daana, with siila, with bhaavanaa.
Thus, there is no trace of aversion or any negative element here. One
sees the negative effects of evil, both for oneself and others. One
sees the benefit of kusala. These two cetasikas support each kusala
citta, but at the same time there are many other good qualities as
well, such as sati, mindfulness, saddhaa, confidence in kusala,
alobha, adosa etc.
Nina.

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