[4-1/8]

The New Pali Course Part II

Ven. A. P. Buddhadatta

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1. I should have answered him if he had asked me.

2. He would have become a millionaire if he had not squandered his wealth.

3. If man had a skin thickly covered with hair as a sheep has, he
could not have moved from one climate to another with comfort.

4. We would have entered the cave and examined its inner parts if we
had torches with us.

5. George VI would not have become the king had not his elder brother
given up the throne.

6. They would have been slain by the robbers if they were seen by them.

7. Prince Siddhartha would have been a universal monarch if he had not
left the household life.

8. He would not have become a monk if he had not seen an old man, a
sick person, a corpse and a recluse on various occasions.

9. She thought: if only he could see her, then he would become
convinced that she ought to be his queen.

10. Devadatta would have attained arahantship had he not acted against
his teacher, the Buddha.

New Words.

acts against = viruddham aacarati (v).
climate = utugu.na (m).
corpse = matakalebara (n).
could have moved [he] = sa`nkamissaa (n).
covered = sa~nchanna (pp).
gives up = pariccajati (v).
had squandered [if he] = vinaasayissaa (v).
inner part = abbhantara (n).
occasion = avatthaa (f).
ought to be = bhavitabba (pot.p).
recluse = pabbajita, sama.na (m).
sheep = me.n.da (m).
should have answered = pa.tivacana.m adadissaa (v).
thickly = ghana.m (adv).
throne = siihaasana (n).
torch = ukkaa, da.n.dadiipikaa (f).
various = naanaa (indec).
would become convinced = abujjhissaa (v).
would have entered [he] = pavisissaa (v).

Third Conjugation
Divaadi Group

74. The sign of this group is ya, which is assimilated to the last
consonant of the root.

Some rules and examples for assimilation of y are given in §25. They
may be applied here too.

A. After a root ending in a long vowel, ya does not change its form.

In other cases:
dh + ya becomes jjha
s + ya becomes ssa
v + ya becomes bba

Examples

divU (to play) + ya + ti = divyati = dibbati
yudhA (to fight) + ya + ti = yudhyati = yujjhati
budhA (to know) + ya + ti = budhyati = bujjhati
sivU (to sew) + ya + ti = sivyati = sibbati
gaa (to sing) + ya + ti = gaayati
jhaa (to ponder) + ya + ti = jhaayati
dusA (to vex) + ya + ti = dusyati = dussati
ve (to weave) + ya + ti = vaayati [ve becomes vaa]

Fourth Conjugation
Svaadi Group

75. The conjugational signs of this group are .naa, u.naa and .no.

Examples

su (to hear) + .naa + ti = su.naati
su (to hear) + .no + ti = su.noti
pa + apa (to attain or come to) + u.naa + ti = paapu.naati
sambhu (to attain) + .naa + ti = sambhu.naati
AA + vu (to fix on to, to string) + .naa + ti = aavu.naati
sakkA (to be able) + u.naa + ti = sakku.naati

Fifth Conjugation
Kiyaadi Group

76. The conjugational sign of this group is .naa.

Examples

ki (to bargain) + .naa + ti = ki.naati (buys)
vi + ki + .naa + ti = vikki.naati (sells)
ji (to conquer) + .naa + ti = jinaati
~naa (to know) becomes jaa: jaa + .naa + ti = jaanaati
dhu (to shake) + .naa + ti = dhu.naati (shakes or destroys)
asA (to eat) + .naa + ti = asnaati
mi (to measure) + .naa + ti = mi.naati
gahA (to take) + .naa + ti = gah.naati = ga.nhaati
[Here .n is interchanged with h.]

Sixth Conjugation
Tanaadi Group

77. The conjugational sign of this group is o.

Examples

tanU (to expand) + o + ti = tanoti
karA (to do) + o + ti = karoti
manA (to think) + o + ti = manoti
pa + apA (to attain or come) + o + ti = pappoti

Seventh Conjugation
Curaadi Group

78. The conjugational sign of this group is aya, usually contracted to e.

These signs strengthen the radical vowels i and u of the roots when
they are not followed by a conjunct consonant.

Examples

curA (to steal) + e + ti = coreti
curA + aya + ti = corayati
gupA (to guard) + e + + ti = gopeti
gupA + aya + ti = gopayati
cha.d.dA (to throw away) + e + ti = cha.d.deti
cintA (to think) + e + ti = cinteti
kathA (to say) + e + ti = katheti
cu.n.nA (to powder) + e + ti = cu.n.neti

(to be continued...)

The New Pali Course Part II [3-1/8]
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Pali/message/11743