Dear Friends,

Just rejoined the Pali group this week... I've started studying Pali
grammar the Thai way, so your discussion is interesting to me :)

According to the texts we study, a kammadhaaraya samaasa consists of two
pada that originally had the same vibhatti (declension) and vacana
(number), and are either a) one visesana (qualifier) and one padhaana
(chief, ie noun), or b) two visesana taking an external pada as the
padhaana.

It is divided into six types:

1. visesanapubbapada

mahanto puriso = mahaapuriso - a great man

2. visesanuttarapada

satto viseso = sattaviseso - a special being

3. visesanobhayapada

khan~njo ca kujjo ca = kha~njakujjo - lame and humpbacked

4. visesanopamaapada

kaako viya suuro = kaakasuuro (upamaapubbapada) - a person who is bold
like a crow
naro siiho viya = narasiiho (upamaanuttarapada) - a man who is like a lion

5. sambhaavanapubbapada

sama.no (aha.m) iti pa.ti~n~naa = sama.napa.ti~n~naa - a declaration of
being a samana

6. avadhaara.napubbapada

buddho eva ratana.m = buddharatana.m - a jewel that is the Lord Buddha

> siiho viya muni = munisiiho (lionlike sage)
> naago viya Buddho = Buddhanaago (the elephant-like or noble Buddha)

Just a note, that since these are upamaanuttarapada, I think they should
technically be analyzed thus:

muni siiho viya = munisiiho
Buddho naago viya = Buddhanaago

Each of the six types has a different formation, as you can see. What
they have in common is that they are originally the same vibhatti and
vacana (unlike tappurisa and bahubbihi). Digu is considered a
kammadhaaraya of sorts, I think.

"na" pubbapada is not always considered kammadhaaraya - some say it is
an "ubhaya tappurisa", whatever that means :)

Best wishes,

Yuttadhammo

Ong Yong Peng wrote:

> Dear Nina,
>
> thanks. This New Pali Course Part II is the work of the late
> Buddhadatta Thera, as indicated in the beginning of each post. [Just
> in case someone gets the wrong idea. :-)]
>
> I agree the explanation on 'mahanta' and 'na' (negation) is very clear
> and useful. In fact, I have been following these points (§45 and §47)
> in all our translation exercises.
>
> Quoting An Elementary Pali Course (Ven. Narada),
>
> A Kammadhaaraya (Adjectival Compound) is that which is formed by
> combining a substantive with an adjective, or a noun in apposition, or
> an indeclinable used in an adjectival sense, as its prior member.
>
> Then, in an earlier post,
>
> §43. The qualifying word is generally placed first; but in some
> cases it comes last.
>
> Examples can be found in the same post:
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Pali/message/11643
>
> metta,
> Yong Peng.
>
>
> --- In Pali@yahoogroups.com, Nina van Gorkom wrote:
>
> I am glad you present the part about the Kammadhaaraya compounds and
> the digu compounds. The first kind always causes me trouble to
> understand, even if I look up Warder. The examples with the negation
> is clear. But could you say something in general what a Kammadhaaraya
> compound is and what it exactly contains?
>
> Perhaps more examples would help.
>
>
>> In Kammadhaaraya, the adjective "mahanta" becomes "mahaa". If it
>> is followed by a double consonant it becomes "maha".
>>
>>