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The New Pali Course Part II (1938)

Ven. A. P. Buddhadatta

(continue...)

New words.

action = kamma (n).
aggregate = khanda (m).
benevolent = mettaasahagata (adj).
breach = bhedana (ger).
country = ra.t.tha (n).
disciple = saavaka (m).
foam = phe.na (m).
future = anaagata (m).
happiness = sukha (n).
ignorant = appassuta (adj).
immense = atimahanta (adj).
meritorious deed = kusala, pu~n~nakamma (n).
must be cleansed = pariyodapetabba (pot.p).
own = saka (adj).
provides = sampaadeti (v).
removed = apaniita (pp).
strives = ussahati (v).
to attain = pa.tiladdhu.m (inf).
to avoid = nivaaretu.m (inf).
to obtain = laddhu.m (inf).
very difficult = atidukkara (adj).
wicked person = asappurisa (m).

Join the following words

1. Bahu + suto

2. So + yaati

3. Du + kara.m

4. Mahaa + dhano

5. Puggalaa + dhammadasaa

6. Sammaa + padhaana.m

7. Pa~nca + khandhaa

8. Su + pa.tividdho

Disjoin the following words

1. Paggharati

2. Mahabbhaya.m

3. Sappuriso

4. Assaaso

5. Mahabbalo

6. Vi~n~naa.nakkhandho

7. Appa.tipuggalo

8. Pagga.nhaati

3. Niggahiita-Sandhi

17. .m before a vagga-consonant may, sometimes, be transformed to the
nasal or the fifth letter of the group to which that consonant belongs.

diipa.m + karo = diipa`nkaro
ra.na.m + jaho = ra.na~njaho
sa.m + .thaana.m = sa.nthaana.m
ta.m + dhana.m = tandhana.m
ta.m + phala.m = tamphala.m
saya.m + jaato = saya~njaato
amata.m + dado = amatandado
eva.m + me suta.m = evam me suta.m

18. .m before l is sometimes transformed to l.

sa.m + lahuko = sallahuko
pu.m + li`nga.m = pulli`nga.m
sa.m + laapo = sallaapo
pa.tisa.m + liino = pa.tisalliino

19. .m before e or h is sometimes changed to ~n; ~n before e is
reduplicated.

paccatta.m + eva = paccatta~n-~n-eva
ta.m + hi tassa = ta~n hi tassa
eva.m + hi vo = eva~n hi vo
ta.m + kha.na.m + eva = ta`nkha.na~n-~n-eva

20. .m followed by y combines with y to form ~n~n.

sa.m + yogo = sa~n~nogo
ya.m + yad eva = ya~n~nad eva
sa.m + yojana.m = sa~n~nojana.m
aanantarika.m + yam aahu = aanantarika~n~nam aahu

21. .m followed by a vowel sometimes becomes m or d.

ta.m + aha.m = tam aha.m
eta.m + avoca = etad avoca
ki.m + eta.m = kim eta.m
ta.m + attha.m = tam attha.m; tad attha.m
ta.m + anattaa = tad anattaa
ya.m + ida.m = yad ida.m; yam ida.m

22. .m followed by a vowel or a consonant is sometimes elided; then
the vowel in some cases is lengthened.

taasa.m + aha.m = taasaaha.m
eva.m + aha.m = evaaha.m
viduuna.m + agga.m = viduunagga.m
buddhaana.m + saasana.m = buddhaanasaasana.m
adaasi.m + aha.m = adaasaaha.m
ariyasaccaana.m + dassana.m = ariyasaccaanadassana.m

23. A vowel after .m is sometimes elided; then .m undergoes the change
stated in ยง17 in most instances.

abhinandu.m + iti = abhinandu.m'ti
cakka.m + iva = cakka.m'va
hala.m + idaani = halan'daani
tva.m + asi = tva.m'si
ida.m + api = idam pi
uttari.m + api = uttarim pi

24. .m is sometimes inserted before a vowel or a consonant.

cakkhu + udapaadi = cakkhu.m udapaadi
a.nu + thuulaani = a.nu.m-thuulaani
manopubba + gamaa = manopubba`ngamaa
yaava c'idha = yaava~nc'idha
ava + siro = ava.msiro

Exercise 4

Translate into English, pointing out the sandhis

1. "Tassa attano ca taasa~nca devataana.m siila~nca suta~nca caaga~nca
pa~n~na~nca anussarato citta.m pasiidati." [A.i, 210]

2. "Tasmaa sa~n~namay'attaana.m
Assa.m bhadra.m va vaa.nijo." [Dhp. 380]

3. "Karomi tuyha.m vacana.m;
Tva.m'si aacariyo mama." [Dh.A.i, 32]

4. "Anussaretha Sambuddha.m,
Bhaya.m tumhaaka no siyaa." [S.i, 120]

5. "Evaa'ha.m cintayitvaana
Nekako.tisata.m dhana.m
Naathaanaathaana.m datvaana
Himavantam upaagami.m." [Bv.]

6. "Daayako daanapati ya~n~nad eva parisa.m upasa`nkamati...
visaarado'va upasa`nkamati." [A.iii, 39]

7. "A~n~naaya ca panaaha.m sama.naana.m Sakyaputtiyaana.m dhamma.m
evaaha.m tasmaa dhammavinayaa apakkanto." [A.i, 185]

8. "Tena hi, gahapati, ta~n~nev'ettha pa.tipucchissaami."

9. "Ta~n hi tassa saka.m hoti,
Ta~nca aadaaya gacchati." [S.i, 93]

10. "Imaani cattaari ariyasaccaanii'ti, bhikkhave,... yan ta.m
vutta.m, idameta.m pa.ticca vutta.m. [A.i, 177]

11. Ta.nha`nkaro, Medha`nkaro, Sara.na`nkaro, Diipa`nkaro ti cattaaro
Buddhaa ekasmi~n~neva kappe uppajji.msu.

12. "Idamavoca Bhagavaa; attamanaa te bhikkhuu Bhagavato bhaasita.m
abhinandu.m'ti." [In many suttas]

(to be continued...)