as planned, we begin with our translation exercise of AN2. I decide
not to split the first sutta into parts, otherwise they will be months
apart from each other. Therefore, it took me quite a while to complete
this sutta.
Today also happens to be the Chinese New Year Day (February 18). I
take this opportunity to say 'gong-xi gong-xi' to everyone.
Please help me with these words marked with ??? in the text below:
dvemaani, yathaaruupaana.m, vajjabhiiruno. Thank you.
This is a long message. If it gets truncated after posting, I will
resend the second part separately.
Kammakara.na Vagga
punishment / chapter
Chapter on Punishment
Vajja Sutta
fault / sutta
On Faults
Eva.m me suta.m eka.m samaya.m bhagavaa saavatthiya.m viharati
jetavane anaathapi.n.dikassa aaraame.
thus / by me / heard / one / time / Blessed One / in Saavatthi /
dwells / in Jetavana / of Anathapindika / in monastery
Thus have I heard: Once, the Blessed One lives in Anathapindika
Monastery, in Jeta Grove, in Savatthi.
* eva.m (adv) thus.
* aha.m (pron) I.
* suta (pp of su.naati) heard.
* eka (adj/num) one.
* samaya (m) time.
* bhagavant (adj) the Blessed One.
* saavatthi (f/name) city of Saavatthi.
* viharati (v) stays, dwells.
* jetavana (n/name) wood of Prince Jeta.
* anaathapi.n.dika (m/name) banker Anathapindika.
* aaraama (m) monastery.
Tatra kho bhagavaa bhikkhuu aamantesi "bhikkhavo"ti.
there / then / Blessed One / monks / addressed / monks
There and then, the Blessed One addressed the monks, "Monks".
Di.t.thadhammika~nca vajja.m samparaayika~nca vajja.m.
belonging to this world-and / fault / belonging to the next world-and
/ fault
Fault associating with this world and fault associating with the next
world.
* di.t.thadhammika (adj) belonging or referring to this world or the
present existence.
* ca (conj) and.
* samparaayika (adj) belonging to the next world.
Katama~nca, bhikkhave, di.t.thadhammika.m vajja.m?
which-and / monks / belonging to this world / fault
And, monks, which is the fault associating with this world?
Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco passati cora.m aagucaari.m raajaano gahetvaa
vividhaa kammakaara.naa kaarente;
here / monks / one / sees / robber / commiting offence / rulers /
having held / several / punishments / imposing
Here, monks, one sees the rulers, having held a robber commiting
offence, imposing several punishments:
kasaahipi taa.lente, vettehipi taa.lente, addhada.n.dakehipi taa.lente,
by whips and / caning / by rods and / caning / by birch rods and / caning
caning by whips, caning by rods, caning by birch rods,
* kasaa (f) whip.
* pi (indec) and.
* taa.lenta (ppr of taa.leti) floging, beating.
* vetta (n) rod.
* addhada.n.daka (m) birch rod.
hatthampi chindante, paadampi chindante, hatthapaadampi chindante,
ka.n.nampi chindante, naasampi chindante, ka.n.nanaasampi chindante,
hand and / cutting / foot and / cutting / hand and foot and / cutting
/ ear and / cutting / nose and / cutting / ear and nose and / cutting
cutting hand, cutting foot, cutting hand and foot, cutting ear,
cutting nose, cutting ear and nose,
tattenapi telena osi~ncante, sunakhehipi khaadaapente, jiivantampi
suule uttaasente, asinaapi siisa.m chindante.
by heated and / by oil / pouring over / dogs (caus.) and / making ...
eat / living and / on stake / terrifying / with sword and / head / cutting
pouring heated oil over (him), making dogs eat (him), terrifying (him)
on the stake (while) living, and cutting (his) head with a sword.
* tatta (pp of tapati) heated.
* tela (n) oil.
* osi~ncanta (ppr of osi~ncati) pouring over.
* sunakha (m) dog.
* khaadaapenta (ppr of khaadaapeti) making ... eat.
* jiivanta (ppr of jiivati) living.
* suula (m/n) stake.
* uttaasenta (ppr of uttaaseti) frightening, terrifying.
* asi (m) sword.
* siisa (n) head.
kasaahipi taa.lenti, vettehipi taa.lenti, addhada.n.dakehipi taa.lenti,
by whips and / cane / by rods and / cane / by birch rods and / cane
cane by whips, cane by rods, cane by birch rods,
* taa.leti (v) flogs, beats.
hatthampi chindanti, paadampi chindanti, hatthapaadampi chindanti,
ka.n.nampi chindanti, naasampi chindanti, ka.n.nanaasampi chindanti,
hand and / cut / foot and / cut / hand and foot and / cut / ear and /
cut / nose and / cut / ear and nose and / cut
cut hand, cut foot, cut hand and foot, cut ear, cut nose, cut ear and
nose,
* chindati (v) cuts.
bila`ngathaalikampi karonti, sa`nkhamu.n.dikampi karonti,
raahumukhampi karonti, jotimaalikampi karonti, hatthapajjotikampi
karonti, erakavattikampi karonti, ciirakavaasikampi karonti,
'gruel pot' (torture) and / execute / 'shell tonsure' (torture) and /
execute / 'mouth of Rahu' (torture) and / execute / 'fiery garland'
(torture) and / execute / 'torching hand' (torture) and / execute /
'hay twist' (torture) and / execute / 'bark dress' (torture) and / execute
execute the 'gruel pot' torture, execute the 'shell tonsure' torture,
execute the 'mouth of Rahu' torture, execute the 'fiery garland'
torture, execute the 'torching hand' torture, execute the 'hay twist'
torture, execute the 'bark dress' torture,
* karoti (v) does.
e.neyyakampi karonti, ba.lisama.msikampi karonti, kahaapa.nikampi
karonti, khaaraapatacchikampi karonti, palighaparivattikampi karonti,
palaalapii.thakampi karonti,
'antelope' (torture) and / execute / 'flesh hooking' (torture) and /
execute / 'disc-slice' (torture) and / execute / 'pickling process'
(torture) and / execute / 'circling the pin' (torture) and / execute /
'straw mattress' (torture) and / execute
execute the 'antelope' torture, execute the 'flesh hooking' torture,
execute the 'disc-slice' torture, execute the 'pickling process'
torture, execute the 'cicling the pin' torture, execute the 'straw
mattress' torture,
tattenapi telena osi~ncanti, sunakhehipi khaadaapenti, jiivantampi
suule uttaasenti, asinaapi siisa.m chindanti.
by heated and / by oil / pour over / dogs (caus.) and / make ... eat /
living and / on stake / terrify / with sword and / head / cut
pour heated oil over (him), make dogs eat (him), terrify (him) on the
stake (while) living, and cut (his) head with a sword.
* osi~ncati (v) pours over.
* khaadaapeti (v) makes to eat.
* uttaaseti (v) frightens, terrifies.
Aha~nceva kho pana evaruupa.m paapakamma.m kareyya.m, mampi raajaano
gahetvaa evaruupaa vividhaa kammakaara.naa kaareyyu.m;
I-even / certainly / such / evil deeds / if would do myself / me too /
rulers / having held / such / several / punishments / would impose
Certainly, even if I would do such evil deeds myself, the rulers,
having held me, would impose such several punishments too:
kasaahipi taa.leyyu.m ...pe... asinaapi siisa.m chindeyyun'ti.
by whips and / would cane / ...and so on... / with sword and / head /
would cut
cane by whips, ... ... and would cut (my) head with sword.'
So di.t.thadhammikassa vajjassa bhiito na paresa.m paabhata.m
vilumpanto carati.
he / of belonging to this world / of fault / frightened / not / of
others / brought / robbing / practises
Frightened of the fault associating with this world, robbing
possessions of others, he does not undertake.
* bhiita (pp of bhaayati) frightened, terrified, afraid.
* na (neg) not.
* para (pron/adj) other.
* paabhata (n) brought.
* vilumpanta (ppr of vilumpati) robs, steals.
* carati (v) performs, practises.
Ida.m vuccati, bhikkhave, di.t.thadhammika.m vajja.m.
this / is called / monks / belonging to this world / fault
Monks, this is called the fault associating with this world.
"Katama~nca, bhikkhave, samparaayika.m vajja.m?
which / monks / belonging to the next world / fault
"Which is the fault associating to the next world, monks?
Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco iti pa.tisa~ncikkhati
here / monks / one / thus / reflects
Here, monks, one reflects thus:
'kaayaduccaritassa kho pana paapako dukkho vipaako abhisamparaaya.m,
vaciiduccaritassa paapako dukkho vipaako abhisamparaaya.m,
manoduccaritassa paapako dukkho vipaako abhisamparaaya.m.
of unwholesome bodily action / indeed / bad / unpleasant / effect / in
future / of unwholesome verbal action / bad / unpleasant / effect / in
future / of unwholesome mental action / bad / unpleasant / effect / in
future
'The effect of unwholesome bodily action in the future (is) bad and
unpleasant, the effect of unwholesome verbal action in the future (is)
bad and unpleasant, the effect of unwholesome mental action in the
future (is) bad and unpleasant.
Aha~nceva kho pana kaayena duccarita.m careyya.m, vaacaaya duccarita.m
careyya.m, manasaa duccarita.m careyya.m.
I-even / indeed / with body / unwholesome action / if would do myself
/ with words / unwholesome action / if would do myself / with mind /
unwholesome action / if would do myself
Indeed, even if I would do unwholesome action with the body myself, if
I would do unwholesome action with words myself, if I would do
unwholesome with the mind myself.
Ki~nca ta.m yaaha.m na kaayassa bhedaa para.m mara.naa apaaya.m
duggati.m vinipaata.m niraya.m upapajjeyyan'ti.
what-and / that / which-I / not / of body / from breaking / after /
from death / state of woe / realm of misery / place of suffering /
hell / would be reborn in myself
And what (is) that which I myself would not be reborn in a state of
woe, a realm of misery, a place of suffering, a hell, after the
dissolution of the body and after death?'
* ki~nca = ki.m ca.
- ki.m (pron) what?
* yaaha.m = ya aha.m.
* bheda (m) breaking.
* para.m (adv) after.
* mara.na (n) death.
* kaayassa bhedaa para.m mara.naa - after the breaking up of the body
& after death. [PED bheda]
* apaaya (m) a state of loss and woe.
* duggati (f) a realm of suffering.
* vinipaata (m) a place of suffering.
* niraya (m) hell, inferno.
* upapajjati (v) is reborn in.
So samparaayikassa vajjassa bhiito kaayaduccarita.m pahaaya
kaayasucarita.m bhaaveti, vaciiduccarita.m pahaaya vaciisucarita.m
bhaaveti, manoduccarita.m pahaaya manosucarita.m bhaaveti, suddha.m
attaana.m pariharati.
he / of belong to the next world / of fault / frightened / unwholesome
bodily action / having abandoned / wholesome bodily action / pursues /
unwholesome verbal action / having abandoned / wholesome verbal action
/ pursues / unwholesome mental action / having abandoned / wholesome
mental action / pursues / purified / self / maintains
Frightened of the fault associating with the next world, he abandons
unwholesome bodily action and pursues wholesome bodily action,
abandons unwholesome verbal action and pursues wholesome verbal
action, abandons unwholesome mental action and pursues wholesome
mental action, (and) maintains himself purified.
Ida.m vuccati, bhikkhave, samparaayika.m vajja.m.
this / is called / monks / belong to the next world / fault
Monks, this is called the fault associating with the next world.
"Imaani kho, bhikkhave, dve vajjaani.
these / indeed / monks / two / faults
"Indeed, these (are) the two faults, monks.
Tasmaatiha, bhikkhave, eva.m sikkhitabba.m
from him-here / monks / thus / should be learned
Monks, here, (it) should be learned from him thus:
* tasmaatiha = tasmaa+(t)+iha.
- iha (adv) here.
* sikkhitabba (ppot) should be learned.
'di.t.thadhammikassa vajjassa bhaayissaama, samparaayikassa vajjassa
bhaayissaama, vajjabhiiruno bhavissaama vajjabhayadassaavino'ti.
of belonging to this world / of fault / (we) should be afraid / of
belonging to the next world / of fault / (we) should be afraid / ??? /
(we) should become / those who know fear of faults
'We should fear fault associating with this world, we should fear
fault associating with the next world, (as) those who know fear of
faults we should become ???.'
* bhaayati (v) is afraid, fears.
* vajjabhiiru (adj) fearful of faults.
- bhiiru (adj) fearful.
* bhavati (v) verb to be.
* vajjabhayadassaavin (m) one who knows fear of faults.
- bhaya (n) fear.
- dassaavin (m) one who sees, knows.
Eva~nhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba.m.
thus-surely / by you / monks / should be learned
Surely, monks, (it) should be learned by you thus.
* hi (indec) surely.
Vajjabhiiruno, bhikkhave, vajjabhayadassaavino eta.m paa.tika`nkha.m
ya.m parimuccissati sabbavajjehii"ti.
??? / monks / those who know fear of faults / this / is expected /
which / will be released / from all faults
Monks, it is expected that (as) those who know fear of faults, ???
will be released from all faults."
* paa.tika`nkha (adj) is expected.
* ya (pron) which.
* parimuccati (v) is released, is set free.
* sabbavajja (n) all fault(s).
- sabba (adj/pron) all.