Dear Alan and group,

This is a very interesting discussion. I think, however, that it would be
useful to distinguish clearly between canonical usage and whatever may be
found in the post-canonical literature in Pali, whether grammatical (Pali
grammatical literature presupposes to a large extent Sanskrit models) or
otherwise. To the best of my knowledge, canonical usage reflects almost
invariably the Paninian description III.4:21 of the usage of 4-5th century
AD Sanskrit usage. This is not without historical interest. Panini also
assumes that the agent of the absolutive is identical with that of the
finite verb. I cannot recall any deviation from this usage in canonical
literature. The prose of the Jataka, however, is an entirely different
story.

Regards,

Ole Pind

< There is a particularly useful post by Bhante Dhammanando that clarifies

that the absolutive/gerund can indeed refer to non-absolute past times
including future.

With metta,

Alan >



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