An Elementary Pali Course
Selections for Translation

Dear John and friends, please check through the work and help with
the verbal stems.

Passage 1: Buddheniya Vatthu, The Story of Buddheni
[with detailed grammatical analysis]

Pali:

Jambudiipe kira pubbe paa.taliputtanagare
sattaasiitiko.tinihitadhana.m eka.m se.t.thikula.m ahosi, tassa pana
se.t.thino ekaayeva dhiitaa ahosi naamena buddheninaama, tassaa
sattavassikakaale maataapitaro kaalamaka.msu, tasmi.m kule sabba.m
saapateyya.m tassaayeva ahosi, saa kira abhiruupaa paasaadikaa
paramaaya va.n.napokkharataaya samannaagataa devaccharapa.tibhaagaa
piyaaca ahosi manaapaa, saddhaa pasannaa ratanattayamaamikaa
pa.tivasati, tasmi.m pana nagare se.t.thisenaapati-uparaajaadayo ta.m
attano paadaparikatta.m kaamayamaanaa manusse pesesu.m
pa.n.naakaarehi saddhi.m, saa ta.m sutvaa cintesi, mayha.m
maataapitaro sabba.m vibhava.m pahaaya mataa, mayaa'pi tathaa
agantabba.m, ki.m me patikulena, kevala.m vittavinaasaaya bhavati,
mayaa pani ma.m dhana.m buddhasaasane-yeva nidahitu.m va.t.tatiiti
cintesi, cintetvaa ca pana tesa.m na mayha.m patikulenatthoti
pa.tikkhipi, saa tato pa.t.thaaya mahaadaana.m pavattentii
samanabrahma.ne santappesi.

----------------------------------------------------------------

Detailed grammatical analysis:

Jambudiipe (m-a/loc/sg) in Jambudiipa (ancient India).
kira (narrative, ind) now, then, you know, truly, it is said.
pubbe (adj, m/loc/sg) in the eastern.
paa.taliputtanagare [T-gen] paa.taliputtassa nagare (n-a/loc/sg) in
the city of Paa.taliputta.
- paa.taliputta (m-a/stem) Paa.taliputta.
- nagare (n-a/loc/sg) in the city.
sattaasiitiko.tinihitadhana.m [K] sattaasiitiko.ti'eva nihitadhana.m
(n-a/acc/sg) deposited wealth of eighty-seven crore.
- sattaasiitiko.ti [K] sattaasiiti ko.ti (num adj, stem) eighty-seven
crore.
- - satta (num adj, stem) seven.
- - asiiti (num adj, stem) eighty.
- - ko.ti (num adj, stem) crore.
- nihitadhana.m [K] nihita.m dhana.m (n-a/acc/sg) deposited wealth.
- - nihita (???, pp, stem) deposited, laid aside, set apart.
- - dhana.m (n-a/acc/sg) wealth.
eka.m (num adj, m/acc/sg) one
se.t.thikula.m [T-gen] se.t.thino kula.m (n-a/acc/sg) a wealthy
family.
- se.t.thi (m-i/stem) banker, wealthy merchant, millionaire.
- kula.m (n-a/acc/sg) family, household.
ahosi (???, aor act, 3rd/sg) there was.
tassa (rel pron, m/gen/sg) of this.
pana (ind) further, but, however.
se.t.thino (m-i/gen/sg) of merchant.
ekaayeva [sandhi] ekaa y'eva: one only
- ekaa (num adj, f/nom/sg) one.
- eva (adv) only.
dhiitaa (f-ar/nom/sg) daughter.
ahosi (???, aor act, 3rd/sg) there was.
naamena (n-a/ins/sg) with the name.
buddheninaama [K] buddheni'eva naama (ind) name of Buddheni.
- buddheni (f-i/nom/sg) Buddheni.
- naama (ind) by name.
tassaa (rel pron, f/gen/sg) her.
sattavassikakaale [K] sattavassika'eva kaale (m/loc/sg) at the time
of seven years old.
- sattavassika [K] satta vassika (m/stem) seven years old.
-- satta (num adj, stem) seven
-- vassika (adj, stem) year.
- kaale (m/loc/sg) at time.
maataapitaro [D] maataa ca pitaa ca (m/nom/pl) mother and father.
- maataa (f/nom/sg) mother.
- pitaa (m/nom/sg) father.
kaalamaka.msu (???, aor act, 3rd/pl) died.
tasmi.m (rel pron, n/loc/sg) in that.
kule (n-a/loc/sg) in family, in household.
sabba.m (rel pron, n/nom/sg) all.
saapateyya.m (n/nom/sg) property, wealth, provisions.
tassaayeva [sandhi] tassaa y'eva: just hers.
- tassaa (rel pron, f/gen/sg) her.
- eva (adv) just.
ahosi (???, aor act, 3rd/sg) became.
saa (dem pron, f/nom/sg) she.
kira (narrative, ind) now, then, you know, truly, it is said.
abhiruupaa (adj, f/nom/sg) beautiful.
paasaadikaa (adj, f/nom/sg) lovely.
paramaaya (adj, f/ins/sg) with the best.
va.n.napokkharataaya [K] va.n.na'eva pokkharataaya (f/ins/sg) with
beauty of complexion.
- va.n.na (m, stem) complexion, colour of skin.
- pokkharataaya (f/ins/sg) with beauty.
samannaagataa (adj, f/nom/sg) endowed with.
devaccharapa.tibhaagaa [T-gen] devaccharaaya pa.tibhaagaa (adj,
f/nom/sg) equal of a celestial nymph.
- devaccharaa (f, stem) celestial nymph.
- pa.tibhaagaa (adj, f/nom/sg) equal.
piyaaca [sandhi] piyaa ca: and beloved.
- piyaa (adj, f/nom/sg) dear, beloved.
- ca (conj) and.
ahosi (???, aor act, 3rd/sg) was.
manaapaa (adj, f/nom/sg) charming.
saddhaa (adj, f/nom/sg) faithful.
pasannaa (adj, f/nom/sg) virtuous.
ratanattayamaamikaa [T-dat] ratanattayaaya maamikaa (adj, f/nom/sg)
devoted to the Triple Gem.
- ratanattayaa [K] ratana'eva taya (n, stem) triad of jewels, i.e.
Buddha, Dhamma and Sangha.
-- ratana (n, stem) jewel, gem.
-- taya (n, stem) triad.
- maamikaa (adj, f/nom/sg) devoted to.
pa.tivasati (???, pres act, 3rd/sg) lives.
tasmi.m (rel pron, n/loc) in that.
pana (ind) further, but, however.
nagare (n-a/loc/sg) in city.
se.t.thisenaapati-uparaajaadayo [D] se.t.thisenaapati-uparaajaa-udayo
(m-a/nom/pl) aspiring millionaires, generals and viceroys.
- se.t.thisenaapati-uparaajaa [D] se.t.thayo ca senaapatayo ca
uparaajaano ca (m/stem/pl) millionaires, generals and viceroys.
-- se.t.thi (m-i/stem) banker, wealthy merchant, millionaire.
-- senaapati (m-i/stem) general.
-- uparaajan (m-an/stem) viceroy.
ta.m (rel pron, f/acc) her.
attano (m-an/gen/sg) of own.
paadaparikatta.m (n-a/acc/sg) state of wife.
kaamayamaanaa (???, pres. pass. participle, f/acc/sg) ??? should be
kaamayamaana.m ??? being desired, craved.
manusse (m-a/acc/pl) people.
pesesu.m (???, aor act, 3rd/pl) sent.
pa.n.naakaarehi (m-a/ins/pl) with presents.
saddhi.m (ind) with.
saa (dem pron, f/nom/sg) she.
ta.m  (rel pron, n/acc) that.
sutvaa (???, ger, ind) having heard.
cintesi (???, aor act, 3rd/sg) thought.
mayha.m (pers pron, 1st/sg) my.
maataapitaro [D] maataa ca pitaa ca (m/nom/pl) mother and father.
- maataa (f/nom/sg) mother.
- pitaa (m/nom/sg) father.
sabba.m (adj, m/acc/sg) all.
vibhava.m (m-a/acc/sg) power, wealth, prosperity.
pahaaya (???, ger, ind) having renounced.
mataa (pp, m/nom/pl) dead.
mayaa (pers pron, 1st/sg) for me.
pi (ind) also.
tathaa (adv) likewise.
agantabba.m (pot part, n/nom/sg) it should be gone.
ki.m (interr pron, n/nom/sg) what.
me (pers pron, enc, 1st/sg) to me.
patikulena [T-gen] patino kulena (n-a/ins/sg) with husband's clan.
- pati (m/stem) husband.
- kula (n/stem) clan.

----------------------------------------------------------------

Trilinear:

Jambudiipe kira pubbe paa.taliputtanagare
sattaasiitiko.tinihitadhana.m eka.m se.t.thikula.m ahosi,
in ancient India / it is said / in the eastern / in the city of
Paa.taliputta / deposited wealth of eighty-seven crore / one /
wealthy family / there was
It is said, in the eastern city of Paa.taliputta in ancient India,
there was a wealthy family (with) an accrued wealth of eighty-seven
crore.

tassa pana se.t.thino ekaayeva dhiitaa ahosi naamena buddheninaama,
of this / further / of merchant / one (and) only / daughter / there
was / with the name / name of Buddheni
Also, there was the one and only daughter of this merchant with the
name of Buddheni.

tassaa sattavassikakaale maataapitaro kaalamaka.msu,
her / at the time of seven years old / mother and father / died
At the age of seven, her parents died.

tasmi.m kule sabba.m saapateyya.m tassaayeva ahosi,
in that / in family / all / property / just hers / became
All the property in that family simply became hers.

saa kira abhiruupaa paasaadikaa paramaaya va.n.napokkharataaya
samannaagataa devaccharapa.tibhaagaa piyaaca ahosi manaapaa,
she / it is said / beautiful / lovely / with the best / with beauty
of complexion / endowed with / equal of a celestial nymph / and
beloved / was / charming
It is said (that), endowed with the best beauty of complexion, equal
of a celestial nymph, she was beautiful, lovely, charming and beloved.

saddhaa pasannaa ratanattayamaamikaa pa.tivasati,
faithful / virtuous / devoted to the Triple Gem / lives
Faithful, virtuous and devoted to the Triple Gem (she) lives.

tasmi.m pana nagare se.t.thisenaapati-uparaajaadayo ta.m attano
paadaparikatta.m kaamayamaanaa manusse pesesu.m pa.n.naakaarehi
saddhi.m,
in that / however / in city / aspiring millionaires, generals and
viceroys / [to] her / of own / state of wife / being desired /
people / sent / with presents / with
However, in that city, aspiring millionaires, generals and governors
sent people with gifts to her, being desired to be their wife.

saa ta.m sutvaa cintesi,
she / that / having heard / thought
Having heard that, she thought:

mayha.m maataapitaro sabba.m vibhava.m pahaaya mataa,
my / mother and father / all / wealth / having renounced / are dead
My parents, who have renounced all wealth, are dead.

mayaa'pi tathaa agantabba.m,
for me-too / likewise / it should be gone
Likewise, it should be gone for me too.

ki.m me patikulena,
what / to me / with husband's clan
What (is) the husband's clan to me?

----------------------------------------------------------------

English:

In ancient India, in the eastern city of Paa.taliputta, there was a
wealthy family (with) an accrued wealth of eighty-seven crore. This
merchant had only a daughter named Buddheni. At the age of seven,
Buddheni's parents died. The family's property became hers
immediately.

Buddheni was beautiful, lovely, charming and beloved. She was endowed
with great beauty, equal of a celestial nymph. She lived a life
faithful, virtuous and devoted to the Triple Gem.

However, desiring her to be their wife, aspiring millionaires,
generals and governors in that city sent people to her with gifts.
Learning about it, she thought: "My parents, who have renounced all
wealth, have passed away. Likewise, it should be gone for me too.
What (is) the husband's clan to me?

[to be continued...]


metta,
Yong Peng.