Dear Yong Peng,

> 16. This Doctrine was preached by the Blessed One.
> ida.m / Dhammo / desito / Bhagavataa
> Ida.m Dhammo Bhagavataa desito.

I rattled this one around in my mind for a while, not knowing why it
sounded strange. Then I looked it up: ida.m is neuter, dhamma is
masculine... should be "aya.m dhammo" or "eso dhammo"

> 17. We shall go by this long way.
> maya.m / gaccheyyaama / iminaa / diighena / maggena
> Maya.m iminaa diighena maggena gaccheyyaama.

Here and in 19, I think you are misdirected by the word "shall", here
meaning "will" (future), not "may" (optative). This is a clear future
statement (cp Warder p.88 "I shall teach (future) a course of doctrine
with which one may explain (optative)") If I am not mistaken, it
should be "gamissaama"

> 18. There are tall, big trees in this forest.
> honti / uccaa / mahantaa / rukkhaa / asmi.m / a.taviya.m
> Uccaa mahantaa rukkhaa asmi.m a.taviya.m honti.

I am not clear on this myself, but I would use "atthi" here - I think
honti usually means to equate something with something else (e.g. an
attribute - cp # 20 below), rather than express the existence of the
subject. Ex:

The trees in this forest are tall and big.
Rukkha asmi.m a.taviya.m uccaa mahantaa honti.

but:

There is in this body head hair.
atthi imasmi.m kaaye kesa. (Khuddakapaa.tha 3)

so:

There are tall, big trees in this forest.
atthi imasmi.m a.taviya.m uccaa mahantaa rukkhaa.

or:

uccaa mahantaa rukkhaa imasmi.m a.taviya.m atthi.

> 19. I shall take these white flowers; you may take those red
> flowers.
> aha.m / ga.nheyyaami / imaani / setaani / pupphaani /
> tva.m / ga.nhaahi / taani / rattaani / pupphaani
> Aha.m imaani setaani pupphaani ga.nheyyaami; tva.m taani
> rattaani pupphaani ga.nhaahi.

Again, I would use "ga.nhissaami". Here it seems to say "I may take
these white flowers, you may take those red flowers."

> 20. These are small ships.
> imaani / honti / khuddakaayo / naavaayo
> Imaani khuddakaayo naavaayo honti.
>

Here is a good use of honti. Otherwise, I am hesitant to say
anything, but in English, if we say "these are small ships", we
usually mean "these ships are small", with the emphasis on "small".
If one is trying to point out that the ships are small, one should
probably put the adjective after the noun.

Here it could mean:

"These ones are small ships." or
"These small ones are ships."

But, if the purpose is to point out the relative size of the ships,
one should probably use:

"imaani naavaayo khuddakaayo honti."
"these ships are small"

Hope this is agreeable to you.

Metta,

Yuttadhammo