Dear Rene, Nina and friends,

thanks. I agree, the word "devastated" is possible alternative for
upahata.

metta,
Yong Peng

--- In Pali@yahoogroups.com, Rene Salm wrote:
Yes, except that I would look for a stronger word than "injured." It
seems to me that upahata was chosen to reflect a most serious state
of almost (upa-) + death (hata < hanati, kills). This is because
King Ajatasattu put his father to death (mentioned in the following
sentence of the sutta), which caused him not to see the eye of truth.
The English word "injured" leaves open the door that the king has
suffered something minor, something that may heal on its own. This is
not the case, even though we already have "ruined." For upahata I
would consider "devastated."