This lesson covers the following topic:
Declension of feminine nouns ending in -aa.
Exercise 18:
Translate into English:
1. Sace sabhaaya.m ka~n~naayo katheyyu.m aha.m pi kathessaami.
sace = if
sabhaaya.m = assembly (loc.)
ka~n~naayo = girls (nom.)
katheyyu.m = would speak
aha.m = I
pi = too
kathessaami = will speak
Ans: If the girls speak at the assembly, I will speak too.
2. Daarikaayo pupphaani ocinitvaa saalaaya.m nisiiditvaa maalaayo
kari.msu.
daarikaayo = girls (nom.)
pupphaani = flowers (acc.)
ocinitvaa = having picked
saalaaya.m = hall (loc.)
nisiiditvaa = having seated
maalaayo = garlands (acc.)
kari.msu = made
Ans: Having picked flowers, girls sat in the hall and made garlands.
3. Vanitaa rukkhassa saakhaayo chinditvaa aaka.d.dhi.
vanitaa = woman (nom.)
rukkhassa = tree's (gen.)
saakhaayo = branches (acc.)
chinitvaa = having cut
aaka.d.dhi = dragged/pulled
Ans: The woman cut the tree's branches and dragged/pulled (them).
4. Bhariyaa ma~njuusaasu vatthaani ca suva.n.na.m ca .thapesi.
bhariyaa = wife (nom.)
ma~njuusaasu = boxes (loc.)
vatthaani = clothes (acc.)
ca = and
suva.n.na.m = gold (acc.)
ca = and
.thapesi = kept
Ans: The wife kept clothes and gold in boxes.
5. Daarikaa paasaadassa chaayaaya.m nisiiditvaa vaalukaaya kii.li.msu.
daarikaa = girls (nom.)
paasaadassa = palace's (gen.)
chaayaaya.m = shadow (loc.)
nisiiditvaa = having seated
vaalukaaya = sand (ins.)
kii.li.msu = played
Ans: Girls sat in the shadow of the palace and played with sand.
6. Bhariyaaya katha.m sutvaa pasiiditvaa kassako sappuriso abhavi.
bhariyaaya = wife's (gen.)
katha.m = speech (acc.)
sutvaa = having heard
pasiiditvaa = having being pleased with
kassako = farmer (nom.)
sappuriso = a good man (nom.)
abhavi = became
Ans: Having heard and was pleased with his wife's speech, the farmer
became a good man.
7. Devataayo pu~n~naani karonte dhammena jiivante manusse rakkhantu.
devataayo = deities (nom.)
pu~n~naani = good (acc.)
karonte = doing
dhammena = righteously
jiivante = living
manusse = men
rakkhantu = may protect
Ans: May the deities protect people who live righteously doing
meritorious deeds
8. Pabbatasmi.m guhaasu vasantaa siihaa vaalukaaya kii.lante mige
maaresu.m.
pabbatasmi.m = mountain (loc.)
guhaasu = caves (loc.)
vasantaa = living
siihaa = lions (nom.)
vaalukaaya = sand (loc.)
kii.lante = playing
mige = deer (acc.)
maaresu.m = killed
Ans: Living in caves in the mountain, lions killed deer playing on
sand.
9. Ammaa daarikaaya kujjhitvaa hatthena pahari.
ammaa = mother (nom.)
daarikaaya = girl (ins.)
kujjhitvaa = having got angry
hatthena = hand (ins.)
pahari = hit
Ans: Mother got angry with the girl and hit (her) with hand.
10. Vanitaayo saddhaaya bhatta.m pacitvaa vihaara.m netvaa
sama.naana.m puujesu.m.
vanitaayo = women (nom.)
saddhaaya = faith (ins.)
bhatta.m = rice (acc.)
pacitvaa = having cooked
vihaara.m = monastery (acc.)
netvaa = having taken
sama.naana.m = monks (dat.)
puujesu.m = offered
Ans: Women cooked the rice through faith, took it to the monastery
and offered to monks.
11. Tumhe maa sura.m pivatha, maa gilaanaa bhavitu.m ussahatha.
tumhe = you
maa = no/not
sura.m = liqour
pivatha = may drink
maa = no/not
gilaanaa = sick
bhavitu.m = to be
ussahatha = may try
Ans: Do not drink liqour, do not try to be sick/fall ill.
12. Dhammena dhana.m sa.mharamaanaa pa~n~naaya putte posentaa naraa
manussaloke sukha.m vindanti.
dhammena = righteously/by fair means
dhana.m = wealth (acc.)
sa.mharamaanaa = collecting
pa~n~naaya = wisdom (ins.)
putte = sons (acc.)
posentaa = nurturing/bringing up
naraa = people (nom.)
manussaloke = human world (loc.)
sukha.m vindanti = experience joy/happiness
Ans: People collecting wealth righteously/by fair means and bringing
up sons with wisdom experience joy/happiness in the human world.
13. Sace tumhe naavaaya ga"nga.m tareyyaatha diipasmi.m vasante
taapase disvaa aagantu.m sakkissatha.
sace = if
tumhe = you
naavaaya = boat (ins.)
ga"nga.m = river 9acc.)
tareyyaatha = would cross
diipasmi.m = island (loc.)
vasante = living
taapase = hermits (acc.)
disvaa = having seen
aagantu.m = to come
sakkissatha = will be able
Ans: If you cross the river by boat, you will be able to come after
seeing hermits living on the island.
14. Parisa.m parivaaretvaa paasaadamhaa nikkhamanta.m bhuupaala.m
disvaa vanitaayo modanti.
parisa.m = retinue (ins.)
parivaaretvaa = having accompanied
paasaadmahaa = palace (abl.)
nikkhamanta.m = leaving
bhuupaala.m = king (acc.)
disvaa = having seen
vanitaayo = women (nom.)
modanti = are happy/pleased
Ans: Women are pleased on seeing the king leaving the palace
accompanied by his retinue.
15. Ka~n~naayo saalaaya.m sannipatitvaa kumaarehi saddhi.m
sallapi.msu.
ka~n~naayo = girls (nom.)
saalaaya.m = hall (loc.)
sannipatitvaa = having assembled
kumaarehi = boys (ins.)
saddhi.m = with
sallapi.msu = engaged in conversation
Ans: Girls assembled in the hall and chatted with boys.
16. Khudaaya pii.lenta.m gilaana.m yaacaka.m disvaa ammaa bhatta.m
adadi/adaasi.
khudaaya = hunger (ins.)
pii.lenta.m = oppressing
gilaana.m = sick
yaacaka.m = beggar (acc.)
disvaa = having seen
ammaa = mother (nom.)
bhatta.m = rice (acc.)
adadi/adaasi = gave
Ans: Mother gave rice seeing a beggar oppressed with hunger.
17. Guhaaya.m niliiyitvaa sura.m pivantaa coraa siiha.m passitvaa
bhaayi.msu.
guhaaya.m = cave (loc.)
niliiyitvaa = having hidden
sura.m = liquor (acc.)
pivantaa = drinking
coraa = theives (nom.)
siiha.m = lion (acc.)
passitvaa = having seen
bhaayi.msu = were frightened
Ans: Thieves hiding in a cave and drinking liqour saw a lion and were
frightened.
18. Varaahe maaretvaa jiivanto naro gilaano hutvaa dukkha.m vindati.
Ans: Being ill, the man who lives on killing pigs experiences
suffering.
19. Vaa.nijassa aapa.ne ma~njuusaaya.m muula.m atthi.
Ans: There is money in the box in the merchant's shop.
20. Sama.naa manusse paapaa nivaaretvaa sappurese kaatu.m vaayamanti.
Ans: Monks try to make people good by preventing (them) from evil.
Translate into Paali:
1. The man stood on the road asking my mother the way to go to the
monastery.
Ans: Vihaara.m gantu.m magga.m ammaaya pucchanto naro magge
a.t.thaasi.
2. Having prepared rice with faith for the monks, the woman took it
to the monastery.
Ans: Saddhaaya sama.naana.m odana.m pa.tiyaadetvaa vanitaa vihaara.m
nesi.
3. You can live righteously and seek wealth.
Ans: Tva.m dhammena jiivanto dhana.m pariyesitu.m sakkosi.
4. Sitting in the shade of the house the girls cut branches from the
creeper.
Ans: Gehassa chaayaaya.m nisiidantiyo daarikaayo lataaya saakhaayo
chindi.msu.
5. Wicked men did not advise their sons who drink liquor.
Ans: Asappurisaa sura.m pivante putte na ovadi.msu.
6. Taking the basket and money the girl went to the market to buy
corn.
Ans: Pi.taka.m ca muula.m ca aadaaya/gahetvaa daarikaa dha~n~na.m
ki.nitu.m aapa.na.m gacchi.
7. If you light lamps the lay devotees will see the objects in the
monastery.
Ans: Sace tumhe jaaleyyaatha diipe upaasakaa viharasmi.m ruupaani
passissanti.
8. O good men, you learn the dhamma and try to live righteously.
Ans: Sappurisaa tumhe dhamma.m ugga.nhitvaa dhammena jiivitu.m
ussahatha.
9. If you try, you can avoid evil and do good.
Ans: Sace tva.m ussaheyyaasi paapa.m nivaaretvaa pu~n~na.m kaatu.m
sakkosi.
10. Having seen the lion sleeping in the cave the women ran.
Ans: Guhaaya.m sayanta.m siiha.m disvaa vanitaa dhaavi.